Eco-hydrological insights from a snow drought in a Mediterranean mountainous catchment in Central Italy
Anno: 2025
Autori/autrici: Massari, Christian; Dionigi, Marco; Donnini, Marco; Di Matteo, Lucio; Fronzi, Davide; Avanzi, Francesco; Battipaglia, Giovanna; Preziosi, Elisabetta; Cappelletti, David; Spolaor, Andrea; Segura, Catalina; Penna, Daniele
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346340
Citazioni:
Eco-hydrological insights from a snow drought in a Mediterranean mountainous catchment in Central Italy / Massari, Christian; Dionigi, Marco; Donnini, Marco; Di Matteo, Lucio; Fronzi, Davide; Avanzi, Francesco; Battipaglia, Giovanna; Preziosi, Elisabetta; Cappelletti, David; Spolaor, Andrea; Segura, Catalina; Penna, Daniele. - (2025). [10.5194/egusphere-egu25-17507]

Updating of Traditional Groundwater Budget and Recharge Assessment by Using the APLIS Method for the Karst Scirca Spring (Central Italy)
Anno: 2025
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Massimo Fiorucci, Fabio; Serena Liso, Isabella; Manucci, Alex; Mazzocca, Massimiliano; Mirabella, Francesco; Parise, Mario; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela
Classificazione IRIS: 2.1 Contributo in volume (Capitolo o Saggio)
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346336
Citazioni:
Updating of Traditional Groundwater Budget and Recharge Assessment by Using the APLIS Method for the Karst Scirca Spring (Central Italy) / Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Massimo Fiorucci, Fabio; Serena Liso, Isabella; Manucci, Alex; Mazzocca, Massimiliano; Mirabella, Francesco; Parise, Mario; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela. - (2025), pp. 27-32. [10.1007/978-3-031-84338-9_4]

LiDAR-driven Topographic Surveys for Floodplain Management
Anno: 2025
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Malinverni, Eva Savina; Di Stefano, Francesco; Chiappini, Stefano; Darvini, Giovanna; Fronzi, Davide; Pierdicca, Roberto; Tazioli, Alberto
Classificazione IRIS: 4.1 Contributo in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346344
Citazioni:
LiDAR-driven Topographic Surveys for Floodplain Management / Malinverni, Eva Savina; Di Stefano, Francesco; Chiappini, Stefano; Darvini, Giovanna; Fronzi, Davide; Pierdicca, Roberto; Tazioli, Alberto. - In: INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCES. - ISSN 2194-9034. - XLVIII-G-2025:(2025), pp. 1035-1042. [10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVIII-G-2025-1035-2025]

Groundwater hydrogeochemical changes predating and following the November 9, 2022 Mw 5.5 Adriatic offshore earthquake (central Italy)
Anno: 2025
Rivista: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
Autori/autrici: Chemeri, Lorenzo; Taussi, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Cabassi, Jacopo; Mazzoli, Stefano; Tazioli, Alberto; Renzulli, Alberto; Vaselli, Orlando
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346332
Citazioni:
Groundwater hydrogeochemical changes predating and following the November 9, 2022 Mw 5.5 Adriatic offshore earthquake (central Italy) / Chemeri, Lorenzo; Taussi, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Cabassi, Jacopo; Mazzoli, Stefano; Tazioli, Alberto; Renzulli, Alberto; Vaselli, Orlando. - In: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. - ISSN 0022-1694. - 653:(2025). [10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132792]
Abstract:
We report the results from a pre- and post-seismic water monitoring carried out in the Mt. Conero area (central Italy) to evaluate the earthquake-related variations on the water hydrogeochemistry related to the November 9, 2022 Adriatic offshore seismic sequence. This latter was characterized by two... main events of Mw 5.5 and 5.2. The monitoring network included two wells and one piezometer located at ∼50 km from the earthquake epicentre. The wells did not show relevant changes. Contrarily, the piezometer showed an overwhelming variation in its composition and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) since four months before the mainshock, shifting from a low-salinity (TDS < 1000 mg/L) calcium-bicarbonate facies to a high-salinity (TDS > 3500 mg/L) sodium-chloride composition. Then, composition and TDS were restored about a week after the events. These changes were accompanied by strong increases in trace elements concentrations (e.g., B, Mn), which returned to the pre-seismic values in the days following the mainshock. The strong hydrogeochemical variations recorded at the piezometer were likely related with two different seismically-induced processes linked to a mixing between shallow Ca-HCO3 and deep Na-Cl waters, and the bedrock's fracture unclogging. These variations are, to the best of our knowledge, among the largest ever observed before a seismic event or, at least, ever reported in the literature. These results prove hydrogeochemical monitoring for seismic surveillance can be highly effective. Besides, our work represents a further step in the development of a methodology that could potentially track geochemical changes ahead of larger, potentially dangerous earthquakes
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Water-rock interaction processes and hydrogeological pathways in seismically active areas as revealed by a multi-isotopic (C, S, O, H, B, Sr) approach
Anno: 2025
Rivista: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
Autori/autrici: Chemeri, L.; Taussi, M.; Cabassi, J.; Venturi, S.; Delgado Huertas, A.; Granados, A.; Agostini, S.; Fronzi, D.; Renzulli, A.; Vaselli, O.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346334
Citazioni:
Water-rock interaction processes and hydrogeological pathways in seismically active areas as revealed by a multi-isotopic (C, S, O, H, B, Sr) approach / Chemeri, L.; Taussi, M.; Cabassi, J.; Venturi, S.; Delgado Huertas, A.; Granados, A.; Agostini, S.; Fronzi, D.; Renzulli, A.; Vaselli, O.. - In: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. - ISSN 0022-1694. - 661:(2025). [10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133533]
Abstract:
Waters circulating in the seismically active (up to 6.4 Mw) Pesaro-Urbino province (central Italy) were investigated to understand water–rock interaction processes and groundwater circulation patterns through a multi-isotopic approach. The investigated waters showed different geochemical facie...s: Ca-HCO3, Ca-SO4, Ca-HCO3-SO4, and Na-HCO3. Water geochemistry and isotopic composition suggest that Ca-HCO3 waters are related to the dissolution of carbonate-rich rocks and, subordinately, Al-silicate minerals and are generally characterized by shallow or fast hydrogeological circuits. In contrast, Ca-SO4, Ca-HCO3-SO4, and Na-HCO3 waters relate to longer water–rock interaction and/or deeper circulation patterns within the aquifers. All the waters show biogenically derived δ13C-TIDC values and δ2H- and δ18O-H2O signatures indicative of meteoric origin. The combination of δ34S-SO4 and 87Sr/86Sr values suggest that the Ca-HCO3-SO4 and Ca-SO4 waters interact with the evaporitic anhydrite-rich rocks of the Triassic Burano formation that constitute the regional basal aquiclude, making these waters interesting to be monitored for seismic tracers, being likely able to carry possible deep seismic signals (e.g., deep-sourced gases inflow, enhanced metals mobility), similarly to what found in comparable geological contexts. Contrarily, Na-HCO3 waters show 87Sr/86Sr ratios and δ11B values approaching those of the siliciclastic Marnoso Arenacea Fm, consistent with long-lasting interactions with Na-bearing silicates. Our results suggest that the hydrogeochemical and multi-isotopic approach provided paramount information to detect sites more prone to record possible geochemical variations during the build-up phase of seismic events, making it suitable for application to other seismically active areas.
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Groundwater geochemical anomalies in Mt. Conero area (central-eastern Italy) related to the pre- and post- 5.2 and 5.5 Mw Marche offshore seismic events (November 9, 2022)
Anno: 2024
Autori/autrici: Chemeri, Lorenzo; Taussi, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Cabassi, Jacopo; Tazioli, Alberto; Renzulli, Alberto; Vaselli, Orlando
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346335
Citazioni:
Groundwater geochemical anomalies in Mt. Conero area (central-eastern Italy) related to the pre- and post- 5.2 and 5.5 Mw Marche offshore seismic events (November 9, 2022) / Chemeri, Lorenzo; Taussi, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Cabassi, Jacopo; Tazioli, Alberto; Renzulli, Alberto; Vaselli, Orlando. - (2024). [10.5194/egusphere-egu24-7299]

Regional vs. Local Isotopic Gradient: Insights and Modeling from Mid‐Mountain Areas in Central Italy
Anno: 2024
Rivista: GROUND WATER
Autori/autrici: Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Palpacelli, Stefano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/326922
Citazioni:
Regional vs. Local Isotopic Gradient: Insights and Modeling from Mid‐Mountain Areas in Central Italy / Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Palpacelli, Stefano. - In: GROUND WATER. - ISSN 0017-467X. - ELETTRONICO. - 62:5(2024), pp. 714-734. [10.1111/gwat.13395]
Abstract:
Mountainous zones are often characterized by complex orography and contacts between different aquifers that usually complicate the use of isotope hydrology techniques. The Apennine chain (Italy) and 10 mountain and mid-mountain areas belonging to it are the objective of this study. An original isoto...pic data treatment, able to identify the most probable recharge area for several springs/springs' groups/wells, has been developed. The method consists of a two-step approach: (1) the determination of the spring/wells computed isotope recharge elevation; (2) an advanced δ18O precipitation distribution model over the study area supported by statistical and GIS-based procedures implemented by two processes: first, the clipping of precipitation δ18O values (depicted from the δ18O–elevation relationships obtained for each study area) over a most probable recharge area for each analyzed spring or well and, second, the calculation of the overlapping distribution between the spring/well mean δ18O values ± σ and the precipitation δ18O content for each outcropping aquifer. A new regional δ18O gradient covering 150 km latitudinal length of central Italy has been defined. Seven LMWL and δ18O–elevation relationships able to represent the local precipitation isotopic composition have been obtained. The mean elevation of the springs and wells recharge areas have been assessed by a comparison between the obtained gradient with nine δ18O gradients available in the literature and those obtained at a local scale. The new isotopic modeling approach can stress whether the mere isotope modeling based on the stable isotope of oxygen agrees with the hydrogeological setting of the study areas.
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Identification and quantification of nutrients sources in the Aspio watershed (Italy). Insight from geogenic mineralization and anthropogenic pressure
Anno: 2024
Rivista: CATENA
Autori/autrici: Busico, G.; Fronzi, D.; Colombani, N.; Mastrocicco, M.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/326014
Citazioni:
Identification and quantification of nutrients sources in the Aspio watershed (Italy). Insight from geogenic mineralization and anthropogenic pressure / Busico, G.; Fronzi, D.; Colombani, N.; Mastrocicco, M.; Tazioli, A.. - In: CATENA. - ISSN 0341-8162. - 236:(2024). [10.1016/j.catena.2023.107759]
Abstract:
An accurate evaluation of river water quality could be challenging due to the complex hydrological and anthropogenic processes which affect its nature. Reliable water quality data are mandatory to identify long-term trends and regional variability at the watershed scale. In this study, a combined ap...proach using time series, regression, and multivariate statistical analysis along with SWAT modelling was applied to identify the relevant hydrogeochemical processes and the nutrients sources within the Aspio watershed (Ancona, Italy). The analysis detected different processes: i) the geogenic origin of Cl- and SO42-, ii) the heavy metals (Cu and Ni) and hydrocarbons pollution due to runoff from urban and industrial areas, and iii) the agricultural contribution of pesticides, nitrogen, and phosphorous. A SWAT model was implemented to quantify the nutrients load in the Aspio river. A calibration for streamflow, river sediment yield, and for nutrients load was obtained considering agricultural, urban, and wastewater treatment plant contributions. Agriculture and treated wastewater contributed to the overall nitrogen load only for 4% and 12% respectively, while the majority was due to leakage from urban sewage (84%). A scenario with only fertilizers’ load (excluding other sources) highlighted that nitrogen and phosphorous export from agricultural lands did not significatively impact the Aspio river. The spatial representation of runoff susceptibility also showed how the highest susceptibility for nitrogen and phosphorous loads is due to areas located close to urban settlements.
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HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ESTIMATION THROUGH THE USE OF TRACERS TESTS AND GEOMECHANICAL SURVEY: PRELIMINARY OUTCOMES FROM THE MONTAGNA DEI FIORI CARBONATE AQUIFER (CENTRAL ITALY)
Anno: 2024
Rivista: ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Autori/autrici: D'Antonio, L.; Fronzi, D.; Mammoliti, E.; Palpacelli, S.; Ianni, C.; Tonelli, M.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/336060
Citazioni:
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ESTIMATION THROUGH THE USE OF TRACERS TESTS AND GEOMECHANICAL SURVEY: PRELIMINARY OUTCOMES FROM THE MONTAGNA DEI FIORI CARBONATE AQUIFER (CENTRAL ITALY) / D'Antonio, L.; Fronzi, D.; Mammoliti, E.; Palpacelli, S.; Ianni, C.; Tonelli, M.; Tazioli, A.. - In: ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT. - ISSN 2035-5688. - ELETTRONICO. - Special Issue 1(2024), pp. 85-93. [10.4408/IJEGE.2024-01.S-10]
Abstract:
Nowadays, groundwater is the most important resource on our planet. However, due to population growth, urbanisation, and climate change, this resource is often overexploited or contaminated. In this context, carbonate aquifers provide drinking water to approximately 25% of the global population. Due... to aquifers heterogeneities and anisotropic fracture systems, they can be affected by potential contamination and their optimal exploitation represents a challenge aspect. In this particular scenario, carbonate mountain aquifers encompass valuable groundwater resources due to their high recharge rates and excellent water quality; therefore, the understanding of their hydrogeological characteristics are vital for aquifers protection and water management. A valid solution to explore water movement within such aquifers and to quantify the groundwater amount can be offered using artificial tracers. At the same time, the geomechanical surveys can deep the knowledge on fracture density and orientation, providing valuable insights about fracture connection and conductivity. This study combines the advantages of six artificial tracer tests performed in four deep wells (260-500 m b.g.l.) and a geomechanical survey used, among other, to estimate hydraulic conductivity of a mountainous carbonate aquifer located in Central Italy. The results obtained by different methods highlighted the presence of multiple layers with higher conductivity values, able to sustain the groundwater flow without significant piezometric level drawdown during water pumping operations. This approach provides an effective support to the water management company operating.
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Towards Groundwater-Level Prediction Using Prophet Forecasting Method by Exploiting a High-Resolution Hydrogeological Monitoring System
Anno: 2024
Rivista: WATER
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Narang, Gagan; Galdelli, Alessandro; Pepi, Alessandro; Mancini, Adriano; Tazioli, Alberto
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325871
Citazioni:
Towards Groundwater-Level Prediction Using Prophet Forecasting Method by Exploiting a High-Resolution Hydrogeological Monitoring System / Fronzi, Davide; Narang, Gagan; Galdelli, Alessandro; Pepi, Alessandro; Mancini, Adriano; Tazioli, Alberto. - In: WATER. - ISSN 2073-4441. - 16:1(2024). [10.3390/w16010152]
Abstract:
Forecasting of water availability has become of increasing interest in recent decades, especially due to growing human pressure and climate change, affecting groundwater resources towards a perceivable depletion. Numerous research papers developed at various spatial scales successfully investigated ...daily or seasonal groundwater level prediction starting from measured meteorological data (i.e., precipitation and temperature) and observed groundwater levels, by exploiting data-driven approaches. Barely a few research combine the meteorological variables and groundwater level data with unsaturated zone monitored variables (i.e., soil water content, soil temperature, and bulk electric conductivity), and—in most of these—the vadose zone is monitored only at a single depth. Our approach exploits a high spatial-temporal resolution hydrogeological monitoring system developed in the Conero Mt. Regional Park (central Italy) to predict groundwater level trends of a shallow aquifer exploited for drinking purposes. The field equipment consists of a thermo-pluviometric station, three volumetric water content, electric conductivity, and soil temperature probes in the vadose zone at 0.6 m, 0.9 m, and 1.7 m, respectively, and a piezometer instrumented with a permanent water-level probe. The monitored period started in January 2022, and the variables were recorded every fifteen minutes for more than one hydrologic year, except the groundwater level which was recorded on a daily scale. The developed model consists of three “virtual boxes” (i.e., atmosphere, unsaturated zone, and saturated zone) for which the hydrological variables characterizing each box were integrated into a time series forecasting model based on Prophet developed in the Python environment. Each measured parameter was tested for its influence on groundwater level prediction. The model was fine-tuned to an acceptable prediction (roughly 20% ahead of the monitored period). The quantitative analysis reveals that optimal results are achieved by expoiting the hydrological variables collected in the vadose zone at a depth of 1.7 m below ground level, with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.189, a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.062, a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.244, and a Correlation coefficient of 0.923. This study stresses the importance of calibrating groundwater level prediction methods by exploring the hydrologic variables of the vadose zone in conjunction with those of the saturated zone and meteorological data, thus emphasizing the role of hydrologic time series forecasting as a challenging but vital aspect of optimizing groundwater management.
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An innovative method to determine springs recharge areas by using water isotopes: intuitions from mountain hydrogeological studies in central Italy
Anno: 2023
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Palpacelli, Stefano; Marcellini, Mirco; Massari, Christian; Tazioli, Alberto
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346342
Citazioni:
An innovative method to determine springs recharge areas by using water isotopes: intuitions from mountain hydrogeological studies in central Italy / Fronzi, Davide; Palpacelli, Stefano; Marcellini, Mirco; Massari, Christian; Tazioli, Alberto. - (2023). [10.5194/egusphere-egu23-12264]

Groundwater flow changes in response to extensional earthquakes: a case study from the 2016-17 seismic sequence in Central Italy
Anno: 2023
Autori/autrici: Cambi, Costanza; Mirabella, Francesco; Petitta, Marco; Banzato, Francesca; Beddini, Giulio; Cardellini, Carlo; Fronzi, Davide; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346338
Citazioni:
Groundwater flow changes in response to extensional earthquakes: a case study from the 2016-17 seismic sequence in Central Italy / Cambi, Costanza; Mirabella, Francesco; Petitta, Marco; Banzato, Francesca; Beddini, Giulio; Cardellini, Carlo; Fronzi, Davide; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela. - (2023). [10.5194/egusphere-egu23-7325]

Geology controls hydrological regime and spatio-temporal origin of surface and subsurface water in two adjacent mountain catchments in Central Italy
Anno: 2023
Autori/autrici: Manca Di Villahermosa, Francesca; Dionigi, Marco; Donnini, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto; Spoloar, Andrea; Turetta, Clara; Cappelletti, Davide; Petroselli, Chiara; Bruschi, Federica; Selvaggi, Roberta; Penna, Daniele; Massari, Christian
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346339
Citazioni:
Geology controls hydrological regime and spatio-temporal origin of surface and subsurface water in two adjacent mountain catchments in Central Italy / Manca Di Villahermosa, Francesca; Dionigi, Marco; Donnini, Marco; Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto; Spoloar, Andrea; Turetta, Clara; Cappelletti, Davide; Petroselli, Chiara; Bruschi, Federica; Selvaggi, Roberta; Penna, Daniele; Massari, Christian. - (2023). [10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9057]
Abstract:
Understanding hydrological flow pathways and spatio-temporal origin of surface and subsurface water in catchments with highly fractured geology is particularly challenging. In this work, we relied on the integration of hydrometric measurements with stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope data in two adja...cent catchments in the Sibillini Mountains National Park, Central Italy, to better understand the drivers of the catchment hydrological response and the spatio-temporal origin of stream and spring waters. The Ussita catchment is 44 km2 and its highest elevation is 2204 m a.s.l. The Nera catchment is 110 km2 and its highest peak is 2233 m a.s.l. The two rivers merge at the Visso Village, at 615 m a.s.l.The area is characterised by heavily fissured and fractured calcareous rocks that foster the occurrence of several springs, some of them of karst origin. Both catchments host a dense hydrometerological network. The experimental apparatus is completed with one piezometer, soil moisture probes at five locations, lysimeters at two depths and four throughfall plots under beeches and oaks. Monthly samples for isotopic analysis are being collected since fall 2020 from precipitation at three different elevations and four locations, the streams at different sections, and four springs in the Nera catchment only.Preliminary results show a distinct hydrological behaviour in the annual streamflow regimes: the Ussita stream slightly reacts only to the largest storms and during intense snowmelt periods, whereas the Nera stream has a very damped response during all the year, revealing a clear buffer effect of the large subsurface reservoir, facilitated by the highly fractured nature of the geological setting. As expected, there is an elevation and seasonal effect in the isotopic composition of precipitation, although the seasonal effect is partly masked by the exceptionally high temperatures occurred in fall 2021. However, the time series of isotope data in stream water show a damped signal and very low seasonal variability in both streams, matching the observed low variability of streamflow. Only the Ussita catchment shows some more enriched outliers likely reflecting runoff response during large storm events. Interestingly, stream and spring samples from both catchments lie along but also above and below the Local Meteoric Water Line, suggesting that the sampled spring and stream water was either originated i) from precipitation fell, infiltrated, and stored well before the collection of the precipitation samples, and released; ii) and/or from areas outside the topographic catchments, and therefore not adequately characterized by the isotopic signal of sampled precipitation. The isotopic composition of the streams and springs is statistically the same, revealing that spring groundwater is the main component of stream runoff. Moreover, the isotope signature of both springs and streams is much closer to that of winter precipitation rather than summer precipitation indicating a major role of winter precipitation in recharging the catchments, consistently with the precipitation seasonal regime. On-going work is assessing the spatial difference in the isotopic composition and quantifying the temporal origin of stream and spring water of the two catchments.
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3D Discrete Fracture Network Modelling from UAV Imagery Coupled with Tracer Tests to Assess Fracture Conductivity in an Unstable Rock Slope: Implications for Rockfall Phenomena
Anno: 2023
Rivista: REMOTE SENSING
Autori/autrici: Mammoliti, Elisa; Pepi, Alessandro; Fronzi, Davide; Morelli, Stefano; Volatili, Tiziano; Tazioli, Alberto; Francioni, Mirko
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311970
Citazioni:
3D Discrete Fracture Network Modelling from UAV Imagery Coupled with Tracer Tests to Assess Fracture Conductivity in an Unstable Rock Slope: Implications for Rockfall Phenomena / Mammoliti, Elisa; Pepi, Alessandro; Fronzi, Davide; Morelli, Stefano; Volatili, Tiziano; Tazioli, Alberto; Francioni, Mirko. - In: REMOTE SENSING. - ISSN 2072-4292. - ELETTRONICO. - 15:5(2023). [10.3390/rs15051222]
Abstract:
The stability of a rock slope is strongly influenced by the pattern of groundwater flow through the fracture system, which may lead to an increase in the water pressure in partly open joints and the consequent decrease in the rock wall strength. The comprehension of the fracture pattern is a challen...ging but vital aspect in engineering geology since the fractures’ spatial distribution, connectivity, and aperture guide both the water movement and flow quantity within the rock volume. In the literature, the most accepted methods to hydraulically characterise fractured rocks in situ are the single borehole packer test, the high-resolution flow meters for fractures, and the artificial tracer tests performed in boreholes. However, due to the high cost a borehole requires and the general absence of wells along coastal cliffs, these methods may not be appropriate in rockfall-prone areas. In this study, an unsaturated rocky cliff, strongly affected by rockfalls, was investigated by combining kinematic analysis, Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) modelling, and artificial tracer tests. The DFN model and potential rock block failure mechanisms were derived from high-resolution 3D virtual outcrop models via the Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry technique. An artificial tracer was injected using a double ring infiltrometer atop the recharge zone of the slope to determine the infiltration rate and validate the DFN results. The DFN and tracer test methods are frequently used at different spatial scales and for different disciplines. However, the integration of digital photogrammetry, DFN, and tracer tests may represent a new step in rockfall and landslide studies. This approach made possible the identification of groundwater flow patterns within the fracture system and revealed about a 10-day tracer transit time from the injection area and the monitored slope, with similar conductivity values gathered from both the DFN and tracer test. Planar and wedge failures with volumes ranging from 0.1 and 1 m3 are the most probable failure mechanisms in the areas. The results were consistent with the delay between the intense rainfall and the slope failures previously documented in the study area and with their mechanisms.
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Assessment of urban landslide groundwater characteristics and origin using artificial tracers, hydro-chemical and stable isotope approaches
Anno: 2023
Rivista: ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Mammoliti, E; Fronzi, D; Palpacelli, S; Biagiola, N; Tazioli, A
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323741
Citazioni:
Assessment of urban landslide groundwater characteristics and origin using artificial tracers, hydro-chemical and stable isotope approaches / Mammoliti, E; Fronzi, D; Palpacelli, S; Biagiola, N; Tazioli, A. - In: ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES. - ISSN 1866-6280. - 82:9(2023). [10.1007/s12665-023-10887-2]
Abstract:
In the framework of landslides, the hydrogeological features play an essential role in slope stability, governing water movement and thus resulting in modification of the effective stress in the soil. In this framework, the hydrogeological conceptualization of landslide areas and the identification ...of groundwater origin are key points to developing risk mitigation measures. In fact, groundwater recharge cannot always be attributed to local precipitation alone. Mixing processes between water derived from local infiltration and deep water upflow along tectonic lineaments or anthropogenic water can affect the groundwater balance on a local scale. This study aims to define the potential groundwater origin of one of the highest risk urban landslides in central Italy and to define a hydrogeological conceptual model by exploiting its existing drainage system network. This research is based on a multiple-techniques approach based on hydrological water balance, artificial tracer tests during recharge period, seasonal monitoring of the water stable-isotope content, hydro-chemical survey during low-flow periods, and analysis of the piezometric level fluctuation. All these analyses are coupled with a detailed reconstruction of the geology of the area depicted from boreholes and drill holes. Two groundwater bodies have been evidenced from the study. The shallower one is located in the landslide unstable zone and is hydraulically connected to a deeper groundwater body hosted in the underlying bedrock. Results highlighted that the local rainfall regime could not fully explain the hydro-chemical facies. Local water contributions to the landslide area coming from leakage of the urban sewerage system have been evidenced, excluding deep groundwater upflow from the fault system.
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On understanding mountainous carbonate basins of the Mediterranean using parsimonious modeling solutions
Anno: 2023
Rivista: HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Azimi, S; Massari, C; Formetta, G; Barbetta, S; Tazioli, A; Fronzi, D; Modanesi, S; Tarpanelli, A; Rigon, R
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/328056
Citazioni:
On understanding mountainous carbonate basins of the Mediterranean using parsimonious modeling solutions / Azimi, S; Massari, C; Formetta, G; Barbetta, S; Tazioli, A; Fronzi, D; Modanesi, S; Tarpanelli, A; Rigon, R. - In: HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES. - ISSN 1027-5606. - ELETTRONICO. - 27:24(2023), pp. 4485-4503. [10.5194/hess-27-4485-2023]
Abstract:
The study aims to demonstrate that an effective solution can be implemented for modeling complex carbonate basins, in the situation of limited data availability. Considering the alternative modeling approaches under circumstances of data shortage is more significant knowing the vulnerability and eff...ectiveness of these kinds of basins to drought and climate change conditions. In this regard, a hybrid approach that combines time series analysis and reservoir modeling is proposed to describe behavior in carbonate basins. Time series analysis estimates the contributing area and response time of the fractured carbonate system beyond the catchment's hydrographic boundaries. The results obtained align with previous literature-based field surveys. This information is then used to develop a conceptual reservoir system using the GEOframe modeling system. The model is validated using in situ discharge observations and Earth observations (EO) data on evapotranspiration and snow. Model reliability is assessed using traditional goodness of fit indicators, hydrological signatures, and a novel statistical method based on empirical conditional probability. This approach enables detailed analysis and investigation of water budget components in Mediterranean carbonate catchments, highlighting their response to significant precipitation deficits.Overall, our results demonstrate that flows from carbonate rock areas outside the hydrographic boundaries significantly impact the water budget of the upper Nera River. The storage capacity of the carbonate basin plays a crucial role in sustaining river discharge during drought years. In a single dry year, meteorological drought is considerably attenuated, while in subsequent dry years, it is slightly intensified. Multi-year droughts result in slower recovery due to the time required for precipitation to replenish the depleted storage that supported river discharge in previous dry years. This unique behavior makes these basins particularly vulnerable to the more severe and frequent drought episodes expected under future climate change.
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Definition of the hydrogeological conceptual model with an integrated approach in earthquakes-induced changing contexts
Anno: 2022
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 8.1 Tesi di dottorato
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/299681
Citazioni:
Definition of the hydrogeological conceptual model with an integrated approach in earthquakes-induced changing contexts / Fronzi, Davide. - (2022 Jun 21).
Abstract:
La comprensione dei processi di ricarica, di movimento e di immagazzinamento delle acque sotterranee negli acquiferi carbonatici rappresenta una grande sfida per l’idrogeologia. Infatti, questi acquiferi sono ospitati in formazioni geologiche caratterizzate da forti eterogeneità e aniso...tropie che si possono ripercuotere nelle caratteristiche idrodinamiche del sistema. Questa comprensione diventa tanto più complicata quando si trattano acquiferi ricadenti in aree montuose, ove la complessità geologico-strutturale si unisce a una grande eterogeneità topografica. Quest’ultima può influenzare il regime pluviometrico in maniera significativa, ed inoltre le quote elevate sono spesso caratterizzate dalla presenza del manto nevoso che apporta un contributo non trascurabile ai processi di ricarica degli acquiferi. In questo contesto, è stato dimostrato che i terremoti ad elevata magnitudo possono cambiare il comportamento idrodinamico delle sorgenti mostrando variazioni transitorie o di lunga durata, rendendo la gestione della risorsa idrica molto impegnativa. Questo è il caso di una ampia zona Appenninica dell’Italia centrale, quella interessata da una intensa sequenza sismica tra agosto 2016 e gennaio 2017, caratterizzata da nove eventi di Mw ≥ 5.0 di cui il più forte di Mw = 6.5 con epicentro ubicato all’interno dell’area di studio. Questa ricerca incrementa notevolmente le conoscenze idrogeologiche ed idrodinamiche relative alla circolazione delle acque sotterranee negli acquiferi carbonatici, approfondendo i possibili cambiamenti delle caratteristiche qualitative e quantitative del flusso idrico sotterraneo, durante e dopo una serie di forti eventi sismici. È stato utilizzato un approccio olistico combinato coinvolgente diverse discipline e tecniche, a partire da un'indagine idrogeologica più tradizionale basata sull'applicazione del bilancio idrologico e sull'analisi degli idrogrammi delle portate sorgentizie, validata mediante i risultati di numerosi test con traccianti artificiali, e analisi geochimiche ed isotopiche. Durante le indagini è stato effettuato un rilevamento idrogeostrutturale di dettaglio, integrato con un'analisi basata su sistemi geografici informativi, finalizzato sia alla identificazione delle strutture geologiche principali responsabili del cambiamento del flusso idrico sotterraneo, sia alla caratterizzazione delle varie idrostrutture presenti nell'area in studio e dei rapporti tra esse. I risultati confermano la complessità geologico-strutturale di questa area e la ripercussione sull'assetto idrogeologico, evidenziando in particolare il ruolo che le faglie, ad estensione sia regionale che locale, giocano nelle modificazioni del flusso di acque sotterranee. Le evidenze ottenute da ciascuna tecnica di indagine sono state confrontate tra loro per delineare un modello idrogeologico concettuale indispensabile per la corretta e sostenibile gestione della risorsa idrica sotterranea.
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Assessing the ability GEOframe modeling system for water budget analysis of a challenging karst basin in the Apennines chains, Central Italy
Anno: 2022
Autori/autrici: Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346341
Citazioni:
Assessing the ability GEOframe modeling system for water budget analysis of a challenging karst basin in the Apennines chains, Central Italy / Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo. - (2022). [10.5194/egusphere-egu22-2878]
Abstract:
<div><p><span>The analysis of the water budget in the Upper Nera River basin, </span><span>typical karst and fissured rocks catchment located in the Apennines chains in central Italy, </span><span>has b...een performed to simulate snow, Evapotranspiration (ET), and runoff through different components of the GEOframe system. During this study, we showed that using an unsupervised approach for extracting the basin boundary could provide significant issues in the correct estimation of water budget components. To overcome this problem, both hydrogeological and hydrological information -obtained through a new type of time-series analyses and recent geological surveys</span><span>-</span><span> have been considered to estimate the contribution area and time response of the karst discharge. According to the mentioned information and benefiting the flexibility of the GEOframe-NewAge modeling system, a conceptual reservoir with a 30-day time response, derived from the time series analysis, has been added to estimate the karst river discharge contributed to Nera</span><span>. </span><span>The model, evaluated by different signatures (including mean daily discharge, high flow, low flow, low flow duration frequency, and flow duration curve slope and a new empirical probability function) has been shown to reproduce the water fluxes of the hydrological cycle in the basin relatively well (KGE values equal to 0.61, 0.80, and 0.71 in different sections, respectively).</span><span> T</span><span>he karst discharge flux has a significant effect on the water budget of the basin especially in the upstream part (Castelsantangelo section) and this effect decreased through the river downstream to the outlet of Visso. We showed that 85% of the total discharge at Castelsantangelo station comes from outside of the geomorphological boundary of the basin. According to the water balance analysis, the maximum karst flux that happened in 2014 could be mainly caused by the maximum precipitation that happened in 2013 over the basin. </span><span> </span></p></div><div><p><span>To further cross-validation of the model performance, MODIS ET and Sentinel-1 snow depth products were used. The comparison of remote-sensed MODIS ET and GEOframe ET shows a systematic difference, with higher values of MODIS ET than our model estimations. As well, the spatial correlation of snow cover retrieved from Sentinel-1 snow depth and GEOframe Snow Water Equivalent has been examined and a good correlation has been reported especially for Castelsantangelo. The values of Sentinel-1 were also verified through some in-situ snow depth data. </span><span> </span></p></div>
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Supplementary material to "Resolving the water budget of a complex carbonate basin in Central Italy with parsimonious modelling solutions"
Anno: 2022
Autori/autrici: Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346337
Citazioni:
Supplementary material to "Resolving the water budget of a complex carbonate basin in Central Italy with parsimonious modelling solutions" / Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo. - (2022). [10.5194/egusphere-2022-340-supplement]

Resolving the water budget of a complex carbonate basin in Central Italy with parsimonious modelling solutions
Anno: 2022
Autori/autrici: Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346333
Citazioni:
Resolving the water budget of a complex carbonate basin in Central Italy with parsimonious modelling solutions / Azimi, Shima; Massari, Christian; Formetta, Giuseppe; Barbetta, Silvia; Tazioli, Alberto; Fronzi, Davide; Modanesi, Sara; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Rigon, Riccardo. - (2022). [10.5194/egusphere-2022-340]

Tritium as a Tracer of Leachate Contamination in Groundwater: A Brief Review of Tritium Anomalies Method
Anno: 2022
Rivista: HYDROLOGY
Autori/autrici: Tazioli, A; Fronzi, D; Mammoliti, E
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.2 Recensione in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323691
Citazioni:
Tritium as a Tracer of Leachate Contamination in Groundwater: A Brief Review of Tritium Anomalies Method / Tazioli, A; Fronzi, D; Mammoliti, E. - In: HYDROLOGY. - ISSN 2306-5338. - 9:(2022), p. 75. [10.3390/hydrology9050075]
Abstract:
Environmental isotopes are essential in hydrogeological studies, thanks to their contribution to the understanding of aquifers dynamics, vulnerability, water resources assessment, and management issues. The environmental isotopic approach plays a vital role in tracing the hydrological cycle and iden...tifying various sources of contamination in the environment and gives independent information concerning what can be determined by a traditional hydrogeological study. Even in the framework of COP-26, isotopes have been indicated as fingerprints of climate change and therefore suitable for the evaluation of water balance and assessment of processes involved therein; in pollution studies they are used as fundamental support of traditional geochemical measures. Tritium, in particular, has been used since the 1960s to identify potential leaks in the containment walls of waste disposal sites, since its presence in the leachate (at very high levels in some cases) depends on the incorrect waste disposal of some peculiar items. Its use as a tracer of pollution by landfills is highlighted and emphasized by the very low concentrations of tritium in the natural environment. By comparing tritium content of leachate to that of water downflow from the waste disposal site, it is therefore possible to establish with a good success rate whether leachate have migrated or not out of the landfill, in the surrounding environment. An additional potential of tritium is to give a prompt indication of pollution risk in the environment indicating leaching even before the chemical indicator of pollution can be detected. This article wants to provide a contribution to the scientific community, collecting all the existing research in this field and providing data and benchmarks about this method, in particular stressing the role of tritium as an indicator of leachate transfer out of waste disposal sites.
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Reaction of the carbonate Sibillini Mountains Basal aquifer (Central Italy) to the extensional 2016–2017 seismic sequence
Anno: 2022
Rivista: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Autori/autrici: Cambi, C.; Mirabella, F.; Petitta, M.; Banzato, F.; Beddini, G.; Cardellini, C.; Fronzi, D.; Mastrorillo, L.; Tazioli, A.; Valigi, D.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323692
Citazioni:
Reaction of the carbonate Sibillini Mountains Basal aquifer (Central Italy) to the extensional 2016–2017 seismic sequence / Cambi, C.; Mirabella, F.; Petitta, M.; Banzato, F.; Beddini, G.; Cardellini, C.; Fronzi, D.; Mastrorillo, L.; Tazioli, A.; Valigi, D.. - In: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. - ISSN 2045-2322. - 12:1(2022). [10.1038/s41598-022-26681-2]
Abstract:
Hydrogeological perturbations in response to earthquakes are widely described worldwide. In carbonate aquifers, a post-seismic discharge increase is often attributed to an increase of bulk permeability due to co-seismic fracturing and the attention on the role of faults to explain the diversion of g...roundwater is increasing. We focus on the reaction of carbonate hydrogeological basins to extensional seismicity, taking as an example the effects of the Central Italy 2016–2017 seismic sequence, on the Basal aquifer of the Sibillini Mountains area. Geo-structural, seismological and ground deformation data were collected and merged with artificial tracer tests results and with a 4-years discharge and geochemical monitoring campaign. The main NNW-directed groundwater flow was diverted to the west and a discharge deficit was observed at the foot-wall of the activated fault system with a relevant discharge increase, accompanied by geochemical variations, at the fault system hanging-wall. The observed variations are consistent with the combined action of a permeability increase along the activated fault systems, which modified the predominant pre-seismic along-strike regional flow, and with hydraulic conductivity increase due to fracturing, determining a fast aquifers emptying. We show that the prevailing mechanism depends on the aquifer systems position with respect to the activated faults.
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A Machine Learning Approach to Extract Rock Mass Discontinuity Orientation and Spacing, from Laser Scanner Point Clouds
Anno: 2022
Rivista: REMOTE SENSING
Autori/autrici: Mammoliti, E.; Di Stefano, F.; Fronzi, D.; Mancini, A.; Malinverni, E. S.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/304742
Citazioni:
A Machine Learning Approach to Extract Rock Mass Discontinuity Orientation and Spacing, from Laser Scanner Point Clouds / Mammoliti, E.; Di Stefano, F.; Fronzi, D.; Mancini, A.; Malinverni, E. S.; Tazioli, A.. - In: REMOTE SENSING. - ISSN 2072-4292. - 14:10(2022). [10.3390/rs14102365]
Abstract:
This study wants to give a contribution to the semi-automatic evaluation of rock mass discontinuities, orientation and spacing, as important parameters used in Engineering. In complex and inaccessible study areas, a traditional geological survey is hard to conduct, therefore, remote sensing techniqu...es have proven to be a very useful tool for discontinuity analysis. However, critical expert judgment is necessary to make reliable analyses. For this reason, the open-source Python tool named DCS (Discontinuities Classification and Spacing) was developed to manage point cloud data. The tool is written in Python and is based on semi-supervised clustering. By this approach the users can: (a) estimate the number of discontinuity sets (here referred to as “clusters”) using the Error Sum of Squares (SSE) method and the K-means algorithm; (b) evaluate step by step the quality of the classification visualizing the stereonet and the scatterplot of dip vs. dip direction from the clustering; (c) supervise the clustering procedure through a manual initialization of centroids; (d) calculate the normal spacing. In contrast to other algorithms available in the literature, the DCS method does not require complex parameters as inputs for the classification and permits the users to supervise the procedure at each step. The DCS approach was tested on the steep coastal cliff of Ancona town (Italy), called the Cardeto–Passetto cliff, which is characterized by a complex fracturing and is largely affected by rockfall phenomena. The results of discontinuity orientation were validated with the field survey and compared with the ones of the FACETS plug-in of CloudCompare. In addition, the algorithm was tested and validated on regular surfaces of an anthropic wall located at the bottom of the cliff. Eventually, a kinematic analysis of rock slope stability was performed, discussing the advantages and limitations of the methods considered and making fundamental considerations on their use.
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Groundwater-surface water interaction revealed by meteorological trends and groundwater fluctuations on stream water level|Interazione acque sotterranee-acque superficiali rivelate dalle tendenze meteorologiche e dalle fluttuazioni delle acque sotterranee sul livello di un corso d’acqua
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACQUE SOTTERRANEE
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, D.; Gaiolini, M.; Mammoliti, E.; Colombani, N.; Palpacelli, S.; Marcellini, M.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311972
Citazioni:
Groundwater-surface water interaction revealed by meteorological trends and groundwater fluctuations on stream water level|Interazione acque sotterranee-acque superficiali rivelate dalle tendenze meteorologiche e dalle fluttuazioni delle acque sotterranee sul livello di un corso d’acqua / Fronzi, D.; Gaiolini, M.; Mammoliti, E.; Colombani, N.; Palpacelli, S.; Marcellini, M.; Tazioli, A.. - In: ACQUE SOTTERRANEE. - ISSN 2280-6458. - ELETTRONICO. - 11:2(2022), pp. 19-28. [10.7343/as-2022-574]
Abstract:
The importance of considering groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) as a single resource of two interconnected components has rapidly increased during the last decades. To investigate GW-SW interaction in an aquifer system exploited by several pumping wells, an integrated continuous monitoring of ...the hydrological conditions was carried out. The sub-catchment (14 km2), located in the Aspio basin near Ancona (Central Italy), is drained by a small stream named Betelico, and it is characterised by the presence of an unconfined alluvial aquifer and a semi-confined limestone aquifer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the drivers of stream drying up occurred during the last couple of years. This has been achieved by applying a trend analysis on rainfall, air temperatures, piezometric and stream level, and well pumping rates. Precipitation trends were analysed over a 30-years period through the calculation of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and through heavy rainfall events frequency plots, while the correlation between piezometric stream levels and pumping rate was analysed during the last six years. The groundwater level was compared with the stream baseflow level, highlighting the interconnection between GW-SW over the years. The analysis on the water surplus (WS) trend, together with the rainfall events characterisation, supports the hypothesis of the decrease in recharge rate as the main driver of the stream drying up. This case study stresses the importance of studying GW-SW interactions in a continuously changing climatic context characterised by a decreasing precipitation trend, coupling both the advantages of a robust method like trend analysis on time series and the field continuous monitoring.
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A Holistic Approach to Study Groundwater-Surface Water Modifications Induced by Strong Earthquakes: The Case of Campiano Catchment (Central Italy)
Anno: 2022
Rivista: HYDROLOGY
Autori/autrici: Mammoliti, Elisa; Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Mirabella, Francesco; Cardellini, Carlo; Patacchiola, Emiliano; Tazioli, Alberto; Caliro, Stefano; Valigi, Daniela
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311967
Citazioni:
A Holistic Approach to Study Groundwater-Surface Water Modifications Induced by Strong Earthquakes: The Case of Campiano Catchment (Central Italy) / Mammoliti, Elisa; Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Mirabella, Francesco; Cardellini, Carlo; Patacchiola, Emiliano; Tazioli, Alberto; Caliro, Stefano; Valigi, Daniela. - In: HYDROLOGY. - ISSN 2306-5338. - ELETTRONICO. - 9:6(2022), p. 97. [10.3390/hydrology9060097]
Abstract:
Carbonate aquifers are characterised by strong heterogeneities and their modelling is often a challenging aspect in hydrological studies. Understanding carbonate aquifers can be more complicated in the case of strong seismic events which have been widely demonstrated to influence groundwater flow ov...er wide areas or on a local scale. The 2016-2017 seismic sequence of Central Italy is a paradigmatic example of how earthquakes play an important role in groundwater and surface water modifications. The Campiano catchment, which experienced significant discharge modifications immediately after the mainshocks of the 2016-2017 seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5) has been analysed in this study. The study area is within an Italian national park (Sibillini Mts.) and thus has importance from a naturalistic and socio-economic standpoint. The research strategy coupled long-period artificial tracer tests (conducted both before and after the main earthquakes), geochemical and discharge analyses and isotope hydrology with hydrogeological cross-sections. This study highlights how the seismic sequence temporarily changed the behaviour of the normal faults which act predominantly as barriers to flow in the inter-seismic period, with water flow being normally favoured along the fault strikes. On the contrary, during earthquakes, groundwater flow can be significantly diverted perpendicularly to fault-strikes due to co-seismic fracturing and a consequent permeability increase. The interaction between groundwater and surface water is not only important from the point of view of scientific research but also has significant implications at an economic and social level.
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Waterbalance, a webapp for thornthwaite–mather water balance computation: Comparison of applications in two European watersheds
Anno: 2021
Rivista: HYDROLOGY
Autori/autrici: Mammoliti, E.; Fronzi, D.; Mancini, A.; Valigi, D.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292985
Citazioni:
Waterbalance, a webapp for thornthwaite–mather water balance computation: Comparison of applications in two European watersheds / Mammoliti, E.; Fronzi, D.; Mancini, A.; Valigi, D.; Tazioli, A.. - In: HYDROLOGY. - ISSN 2306-5338. - ELETTRONICO. - 8:1(2021). [10.3390/hydrology8010034]
Abstract:
Nowadays, the balance between incoming precipitation and stream or spring discharge is a challenging aspect in many scientific disciplines related to water management. In this regard, although advances in the methodologies for water balance calculation concerning each component of the water cycle ha...ve been achieved, the Thornthwaite–Mather method remains one of the most used, especially for hydrogeological purposes. In fact, in contrast to physical-based models, which require many input parameters, the Thornthwaite–Mather method is a simple, empirical, data-driven procedure in which the error associated with its use is smaller than that associated with the measurement of input data. The disadvantage of this method is that elaboration times can be exces-sively long if a classical MS Excel file is used for a large amount of data. Although many authors have attempted to automatize the procedure using simple algorithms or graphical user interfaces, some bugs have been detected. For these reasons, we propose a WebApp for monthly water balance calculation, called WaterbalANce. WaterbalANce was written in Python and is driven by a server-less computing approach. Two respective European watersheds are selected and presented to demonstrate the application of this method.
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Modelling Shallow Groundwater Evaporation Rates from a Large Tank Experiment
Anno: 2021
Rivista: WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Autori/autrici: Colombani, N.; Fronzi, D.; Palpacelli, S.; Gaiolini, M.; Gervasio, M. P.; Marcellini, M.; Mastrocicco, M.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292982
Citazioni:
Modelling Shallow Groundwater Evaporation Rates from a Large Tank Experiment / Colombani, N.; Fronzi, D.; Palpacelli, S.; Gaiolini, M.; Gervasio, M. P.; Marcellini, M.; Mastrocicco, M.; Tazioli, A.. - In: WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT. - ISSN 0920-4741. - ELETTRONICO. - 35:10(2021), pp. 3339-3354. [10.1007/s11269-021-02896-2]
Abstract:
A large tank (1.4 m x 4.0 m x 1.3 m) filled with medium-coarse sand was employed to measure evaporation rates from shallow groundwater at controlled laboratory conditions, to determine drivers and mechanisms. To monitor the groundwater level drawdown 12 piezometers were installed in a semi regular g...rid and equipped with high precision water level, temperature, and electrical conductivity (EC) probes. In each piezometer, 6 micro sampling ports were installed every 10 cm to capture vertical salinity gradients. Moreover, the soil water content, temperature and EC were measured in the unsaturated zone using TDR probes placed at 5, 20 and 40 cm depth. The monitoring started in February 2020 and lasted for 4 months until the groundwater drawdown became residual. To model the groundwater heads, temperature, and salinity variations SEAWAT 4.0 was employed. The calibrated model was then used to obtain the unknown parameters, such as: maximum evaporation rates (1.5-4.4 mm/d), extinction depth (0.90 m), mineral dissolution (5.0e-9 g/d) and evaporation concentration (0.35 g/L). Despite the drawdown was uniformly distributed, the increase of groundwater salinity was rather uneven, while the temperature increase mimicked the atmospheric temperature increase. The initial groundwater salinity and the small changes in the evaporation rate controlled the evapoconcentration process in groundwater, while the effective porosity was the most sensitive parameter. This study demonstrates that shallow groundwater evaporation from sandy soils can produce homogeneous water table drawdown but appreciable differences in the distribution of groundwater salinity.
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The role of faults in groundwater circulation before and after seismic events: Insights from tracers, water isotopes and geochemistry
Anno: 2021
Rivista: WATER
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, D.; Mirabella, F.; Cardellini, C.; Caliro, S.; Palpacelli, S.; Cambi, C.; Valigi, D.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292981
Citazioni:
The role of faults in groundwater circulation before and after seismic events: Insights from tracers, water isotopes and geochemistry / Fronzi, D.; Mirabella, F.; Cardellini, C.; Caliro, S.; Palpacelli, S.; Cambi, C.; Valigi, D.; Tazioli, A.. - In: WATER. - ISSN 2073-4441. - ELETTRONICO. - 13:11(2021). [10.3390/w13111499]
Abstract:
The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of fault systems in the displacement of deep fluids is, by investigating the interaction between the upper mantle, the lower crustal ...portion and the upraising of gasses carried by liquids. Many other scientific works try to explore the interaction between the recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, and the fault zones, aiming to recognize the function of the abovementioned structures and their capability to direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding the role of faults in the recharge processes of punctual and linear springs, meant as gaining streams, is a key point in hydrogeology, as it is known that faults can act either as flow barriers or as preferential flow paths. In this work an investigation of a fault system located in the Nera River catchment (Italy), based on geo-structural investigations, tracer tests, geochemical and isotopic recharge modelling, allows to identify the role of the normal fault system before and after the 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5). The outcome was achieved by an integrated approach consisting of a structural geology field work, combined with GIS-based analysis, and of a hydrogeological investigation based on artificial tracer tests and geochemical and isotopic analyses.
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Evaluating SWAT Performance to Quantify the Streamflow Sediment Yield in a Highly Urbanized Basin
Anno: 2020
Autori/autrici: Busico, Gianluigi; Colombani, Nicolo; Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto; Mastrocicco, Micol
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 4.1 Contributo in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/346343
Citazioni:
Evaluating SWAT Performance to Quantify the Streamflow Sediment Yield in a Highly Urbanized Basin / Busico, Gianluigi; Colombani, Nicolo; Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto; Mastrocicco, Micol. - (2020). (Intervento presentato al convegno The 4th EWaS International Conference: Valuing the Water, Carbon, Ecological Footprints of Human Activities nel 24-27 June 2020) [10.3390/environsciproc2020002005].
Abstract:
Hydrological predictive models represent the most recently developed tools in the field of water simulation. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied in the Aspio basin in central Italy. After a calibration and validation procedure based on daily streamflow-observed... data, the sediment erosion rate from the basin was estimated in the 4 years of simulation. The years of 2016 and 2018 were characterized by a higher amount of transported sediment, which coincided with the run-off peaks events. Regarding the land-use classification, this study shows how the agricultural and artificial areas provide a higher contribution to the transported sediments. This study shows that SWAT can be used for land management in highly urbanized watersheds.
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Evaluating SWAT model performance, considering different soils data input, to quantify actual and future runoff susceptibility in a highly urbanized basin
Anno: 2020
Rivista: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Autori/autrici: Busico, G.; Colombani, N.; Fronzi, D.; Pellegrini, M.; Tazioli, A.; Mastrocicco, M.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/286821
Citazioni:
Evaluating SWAT model performance, considering different soils data input, to quantify actual and future runoff susceptibility in a highly urbanized basin / Busico, G.; Colombani, N.; Fronzi, D.; Pellegrini, M.; Tazioli, A.; Mastrocicco, M.. - In: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT. - ISSN 0301-4797. - ELETTRONICO. - 266:(2020). [10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110625]
Abstract:
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a physical model designed to predict the hydrological processes that could characterize natural and anthropized watersheds. The model can be forced using input data of climate prediction models, soil characteristics and land use scenarios to forecast thei...r effect on hydrological processes. In this study, the SWAT model has been applied in the Aspio basin, a small watershed, highly anthropized and characterized by a short runoff generation. Three simulations setup, named SL1, SL2 and SL3, were investigated using different soil resolution to identify the best model performance. An increase of space requirement and calibration time has been registered in conjunction with the increasing soil resolution. Among all simulations, SL1 has been chosen as the best one in describing watershed streamflow, despite it was characterized by the lower soil resolution. A map of susceptibility to runoff for the entire basin was so created reclassifying the runoff amount of four years in five classes of susceptibility, from very low to very high. Eleven sub-basins, coinciding with the main urban settlements, were identified as highly susceptible to runoff generation. Considering future climate predictions, a slight increase of runoff has been forecasted during summer and autumn. The map of susceptibility successfully identified as highly prone to runoff those sub-basins where extreme flood events were yet recorded in the past, remarking the reliability of the proposed assessment and suggesting that this methodology could represent a useful tool in flood managing plan.
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Earthquake-Induced Spring Discharge Modifications: The Pescara di Arquata Spring Reaction to the August–October 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes
Anno: 2020
Rivista: WATER
Autori/autrici: Valigi, Daniela; Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Beddini, Giulio; Cardellini, Carlo; Checcucci, Roberto; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Tazioli, Alberto
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/276026
Citazioni:
Earthquake-Induced Spring Discharge Modifications: The Pescara di Arquata Spring Reaction to the August–October 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes / Valigi, Daniela; Fronzi, Davide; Cambi, Costanza; Beddini, Giulio; Cardellini, Carlo; Checcucci, Roberto; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Tazioli, Alberto. - In: WATER. - ISSN 2073-4441. - ELETTRONICO. - 12:3(2020), p. 767. [10.3390/w12030767]

Comparison between Periodic Tracer Tests and Time-Series Analysis to Assess Mid- and Long-Term Recharge Model Changes Due to Multiple Strong Seismic Events in Carbonate Aquifers
Anno: 2020
Rivista: WATER
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Di Curzio, Diego; Rusi, Sergio; Valigi, Daniela; Tazioli, Alberto
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/285074
Citazioni:
Comparison between Periodic Tracer Tests and Time-Series Analysis to Assess Mid- and Long-Term Recharge Model Changes Due to Multiple Strong Seismic Events in Carbonate Aquifers / Fronzi, Davide; Di Curzio, Diego; Rusi, Sergio; Valigi, Daniela; Tazioli, Alberto. - In: WATER. - ISSN 2073-4441. - ELETTRONICO. - 12:11(2020). [10.3390/w12113073]
Abstract:
Understanding the groundwater flow in carbonate aquifers represents a challenging aspect in hydrogeology, especially when they have been struck by strong seismic events. It has been proved that large earthquakes change springs hydrodynamic behaviour showing transitory or long-lasting variations and ...making their management much more difficult. This is the case of Sibillini Massif (central Italy), which has been hit by the well-known 2016–2017 seismic period. This work aims to improve the knowledge of carbonate aquifers groundwater circulation and their possible changes in the hydrodynamic behaviour, during and after a series of strong seismic events. The goal has been achieved by comparing long-time tracer tests and transient time-series analysis, based on a sliding-window approach. This approach allowed investigating transient variations in the carbonate aquifers recharge system, highlighting the changes of relationships between the inflow contributions to the spring discharge in the area. As a result, the seismically triggered pore pressure distribution, and the hydraulic conductivity variations, because of the ground shaking and the fault systems activation, account for all the mid- and long-term modifications in the recharge system of Sibillini aquifers, respectively. These outcomes provide valuable insights to the knowledge of aquifer response under similar hydrogeological conditions, that are vital for water management.
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Preliminary results on the response of some springs of the Sibillini Mountains area to the 2016-2017 seismic sequence
Anno: 2020
Rivista: ACQUE SOTTERRANEE
Autori/autrici: Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela; Petitta, Marco; Mirabella, Francesco; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Checcucci, Roberto; Cardellini, Carlo; Cambi, Costanza; Caliro, Stefano; Banzato, Francesca; Fronzi, Davide
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/276030
Citazioni:
Preliminary results on the response of some springs of the Sibillini Mountains area to the 2016-2017 seismic sequence / Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela; Petitta, Marco; Mirabella, Francesco; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Checcucci, Roberto; Cardellini, Carlo; Cambi, Costanza; Caliro, Stefano; Banzato, Francesca; Fronzi, Davide. - In: ACQUE SOTTERRANEE. - ISSN 2280-6458. - STAMPA. - AS32:450(2020), pp. 19-25. [10.7343/as-2020-450]

Response of the main springs of the Sibillini Mountains area to the 2016-2017 seismic sequence
Anno: 2019
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Banzato, Francesca; Cambi, Costanza; Checcucci, Roberto; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Nanni, Torquato; Petitta, Marco; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/284594
Citazioni:
Response of the main springs of the Sibillini Mountains area to the 2016-2017 seismic sequence / Fronzi, Davide; Banzato, Francesca; Cambi, Costanza; Checcucci, Roberto; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Nanni, Torquato; Petitta, Marco; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela. - ELETTRONICO. - (2019), pp. 90-92. (Intervento presentato al convegno FLOWPATH 2019 – NATIONAL MEETING ON HYDROGEOLOGY tenutosi a MILANO nel 12-14 GIUGNO 2019) [10.14672/55260121].

Hydrogeological study of the effects of 2016-2017 seismic sequence on the Pescara d’Arquata spring (Central Italy)
Anno: 2019
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Banzato, Francesca; Beddini, Giulio; Cambi, Costanza; Cardellini, Carlo; Checcucci, Roberto; Marcellini, Mirco; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Palpacelli, Stefano; Petitta, Marco; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela; Viaroli, Stefano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/284595
Citazioni:
Hydrogeological study of the effects of 2016-2017 seismic sequence on the Pescara d’Arquata spring (Central Italy) / Fronzi, Davide; Banzato, Francesca; Beddini, Giulio; Cambi, Costanza; Cardellini, Carlo; Checcucci, Roberto; Marcellini, Mirco; Mastrorillo, Lucia; Mirabella, Francesco; Palpacelli, Stefano; Petitta, Marco; Tazioli, Alberto; Valigi, Daniela; Viaroli, Stefano. - ELETTRONICO. - (2019), pp. 578-578. (Intervento presentato al convegno Groundwater Management and Governance. Coping with Uncertainty. 46th IAH International congress tenutosi a Malaga nel 22-27 Settembre 2019).

GROUNDWATER AND FLOOD EVENTS IN DIFFERENT HYDROGEOLOGICAL PERIODS: A CASE STUDY IN THE ASPIO RIVER (MARCHE REGION)
Anno: 2019
Rivista: ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/264872
Citazioni:
GROUNDWATER AND FLOOD EVENTS IN DIFFERENT HYDROGEOLOGICAL PERIODS: A CASE STUDY IN THE ASPIO RIVER (MARCHE REGION) / Fronzi, Davide; Tazioli, Alberto. - In: ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT. - ISSN 1825-6635. - STAMPA. - 1(2019):1(2019), pp. 5-16. [10.4408/IJEGE.2019-01.O-01]
Abstract:
When applying hydrological models at basin scale, it is essential to take into account the contribution of groundwater and its behaviour, together with the hydrological state before and after storm events. The main objectives of the present study were the evaluation and discussion of factors contrib...uting to the formation of river discharge, how and to what extent these factors affect the risk of flood and, finally, how they are related to the type, duration and intensity of rainfall events, especially associated with flash floods. This was achieved by applying HEC-HMS models to a small watershed in central Italy, characterised by high hydrogeological risk. The watershed is equipped for total rainfall, river discharge and groundwater level measurement. In addition, double ring infiltrometric tests were performed during different hydrological periods. The results highlighted a direct correlation between flood risk and the hydrological period; the insertion of groundwater data in the model allowed for a sensitivity analysis of the relationship between the level of risk and the hydrogeological settings and properties of the area. Moreover, the analysis of some “extreme” events occurring in the summer period highlighted river behaviour in very different hydrological states.
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SETTING UP A PHYSICALLY-BASED PROCEDURE FOR MODELING FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS
Anno: 2018
Autori/autrici: Fronzi, D.; Veneri, F.; Tazioli, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/269254
Citazioni:
SETTING UP A PHYSICALLY-BASED PROCEDURE FOR MODELING FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS / Fronzi, D.; Veneri, F.; Tazioli, A.. - (2018). (Intervento presentato al convegno VI Congresso Nazionale AIGA 2018 tenutosi a Courmayeur (AO) nel 26-29 giugno 2018).

Hydrogeological effects of the 2016 earthquake on the groundwater circulation of the Norcia area
Anno: 2018
Autori/autrici: De Giorgi, F.; Banzato, F.; Beddini, G.; Caliro, S.; Cambi, C.; Cardellini, C.; Fronzi, D.; Mastrorillo, L.; Mirabella, F.; Nanni, T.; Ottaviani, L.; Petitta, M.; Renghi, D.; Tazioli, A.; Valigi, D.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 4.2 Abstract in Atti di convegno
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/269253
Citazioni:
Hydrogeological effects of the 2016 earthquake on the groundwater circulation of the Norcia area / De Giorgi, F.; Banzato, F.; Beddini, G.; Caliro, S.; Cambi, C.; Cardellini, C.; Fronzi, D.; Mastrorillo, L.; Mirabella, F.; Nanni, T.; Ottaviani, L.; Petitta, M.; Renghi, D.; Tazioli, A.; Valigi, D.. - CD-ROM. - (2018), pp. 689-689. (Intervento presentato al convegno Geosciences for the environment, natural hazards and cultural heritage tenutosi a Catania nel 12-14 settembre 2018).