Protodioscin, a natural saponin with potential steroidogenic effects: metabolic and analytical considerations
Anno: 2025
Rivista: BIOCHIMICA CLINICA
Autori/autrici: Daziani, Gloria; Balloni, Aurora; Taoussi, Omayema; Berardinelli, Diletta; Tini, Anastasio; Bambagiotti, Giulia; Carlier, Jeremy; Busardo', Francesco P.; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348095
Citazioni:
Protodioscin, a natural saponin with potential steroidogenic effects: metabolic and analytical considerations / Daziani, G., Balloni, A., Taoussi, O., Berardinelli, D., Tini, A., Bambagiotti, G., Carlier, J., Busardo', F.P., Basile, G.. - In: BIOCHIMICA CLINICA. - ISSN 0393-0564. - (2025). [Epub ahead of print] [10.23736/s0393-0564.25.00079-2]
Abstract:
Protodioscin is a steroidal saponin naturally occurring in Tribulus terrestris, a plant widely used in traditional medicine and commercial supplements. It is often promoted for its potential to enhance physical performance, libido, and overall vitality. Nonetheless, scientific data regarding its pha...rmacokinetics in humans remain scarce. Understanding the metabolic biotransformation of such natural compounds is essential for assessing their pharmacological properties and for ensuring their safe use, particularly in contexts such as sports supplementation where regulatory concerns may arise. Metabolites may also serve as biomarkers of consumption. This study aimed to investigate the in-vitro metabolism of protodioscin. METHODS: The protidiosc in metabolism was studied using human hepatocyte incubations, liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, and automated data mining. In addition, computational tools were employed to predict possible metabolic transformations to support the investigations. RESULTS: The obtained results showed no significant evidence of hepatic metabolism under the tested conditions, and no major metabolites were detected. The analysis of urine samples from individuals reporting recent ingestion of Tribulus terrestris supplements did not demonstrate the presence of metabolites related to protodioscin. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that protodioscin may not undergo significant liver metabolism, or that it could be processed via alternative pathways, such as microbial metabolism in the gut. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the complete metabolic fate of protodioscin, to better assess its safety, efficacy, and regulatory implications, particularly in areas where its use may influence health or performance.
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Isotope Effects in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: First Baseline Separation of Isotopomers on Achiral and Chiral Columns
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Autori/autrici: Kobidze, Giorgi; Sprega, Giorgia; Matsiashvili, Tamari; Lo Faro, Fabrizio; Basile, Giuseppe; Peluso, Paola; Farkas, Tivadar; Busardo, Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349357
Citazioni:
Isotope Effects in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: First Baseline Separation of Isotopomers on Achiral and Chiral Columns / Kobidze, G., Sprega, G., Matsiashvili, T., Lo Faro, F., Basile, G., Peluso, P., Farkas, T., Busardo, F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - ISSN 0003-2700. - 97:32(2025), pp. 17813-17824. [10.1021/acs.analchem.5c03392]
Abstract:
In this study, the feasibility of very challenging separation of isotopomers by high-performance liquid chromatography in a common setup is successfully demonstrated with the examples of deuterated amphetamine and methamphetamine. Understanding the effect of various factors, such as analyte structur...e, location of heavy atoms within the structure, separation mode (i.e., surface chemistry of the stationary phase), mobile phase components and their additives, pH of the mobile phase, and separation temperature, that enabled baseline separation of isotopomers with high selectivity is discussed. The results reported here are significant for both the analytical separation of isotopomers and their preparative-scale separation. The understanding and fine-tuning of the mechanisms underpinning isotopomer retention and discrimination enabled the reversal of isotopomer elution order on specific chiral columns. The simultaneous separation of isotopomers and their enantiomers was observed on polysaccharide-based chiral columns. Molecular modeling was used to provide a reasonable explanation of the separation mechanism of the isotopomers.
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Brachial plexus schwannomas
Anno: 2025
Rivista: CHIRURGIA
Autori/autrici: Bruno, Maurilio; Amadei, Federico; Basile, Giuseppe; Sabbatini, Maurizio; Renò, Filippo; Colò, Gabriele; Surace, Michele; Villafañe, Jorge H.; Leigheb, Massimiliano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349390
Citazioni:
Brachial plexus schwannomas / Bruno, M., Amadei, F., Basile, G., Sabbatini, M., Renò, F., Colò, G., Surace, M., Villafañe, J.H., Leigheb, M.. - In: CHIRURGIA. - ISSN 0394-9508. - 38:5(2025), pp. 326-330. [10.23736/s0394-9508.25.05907-8]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Schwannoma is a rare tumor that can be found in the brachial plexus. Despite the fact it is benign it can cause inflammatory reaction or compression of the nerves’ fascicles causing altered muscular or sensitive performance of the upper limb. Diagnosis of Schwannoma in the brachial... plexus is difficult due to confounding interpretation with other lesions, that makes important magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological examination for a complete diagnostic assessment. Surgical treatment is challenging, but, currently, microsurgical approach using the microscope, microsurgical tools and skills allow tumor removal with an acceptable risk of injury to neurovascular structures. METHODS: In our multicenter study we reported brachial plexus Schwannoma of six patients treated by surgical excision. Medical records and MRI data of all patients were reviewed and outcomes analyzed. RESULTS: We confirm that current precise surgical techniques represent an important approach to remove Schwannomas occurring around brachial plexus. CONCLUSIONS: Schwannomas of the brachial plexus are curable lesions and the use of precise surgical techniques allows these tumors to be removed with minimal morbidity.
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Human metabolism and pharmacological profiling of protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne, two highly potent nitazenes: prediction of main metabolite activity based on µ-opioid receptor docking simulations
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Berardinelli, Diletta; Taoussi, Omayema; Ovat, Duygu Yeşim; Pichini, Simona; Pulver, Benedikt; Auwärter, Volker; Busardò, Francesco Paolo; Basile, Giuseppe; Laudadio, Emiliano; Carlier, Jeremy
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349555
Citazioni:
Human metabolism and pharmacological profiling of protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne, two highly potent nitazenes: prediction of main metabolite activity based on µ-opioid receptor docking simulations / Berardinelli, D., Taoussi, O., Ovat, D.Y., Pichini, S., Pulver, B., Auwärter, V., Busardò, F.P., Basile, G., Laudadio, E., Carlier, J.. - In: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5761. - (2025). [Epub ahead of print] [10.1007/s00204-025-04163-4]
Abstract:
Nitazenes have recently surfaced the illicit opioid market, causing numerous intoxications and fatalities. N-Pyrrolidino derivatives, protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne, have circulated since 2023 and have been involved in overdose intoxications. Their pharmacological properties remain largely unkno...wn. However, pharmacokinetic/dynamic data are crucial for clinicians and toxicologists to manage intoxications and interpret legal cases. Protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne metabolism was assessed using human hepatocyte incubations and blood/urine from an intoxication case; samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and software-aided data mining. µ-(MOR), κ-(KOR), and δ-(DOR) opioid receptor activation was assessed using a GTP Gi binding assay. MOR docking was simulated with UCSF Chimera and AutoDockSuite. Pharmacological relevance of major metabolites was predicted through in silico MOR docking. Major metabolites were produced through nitroreduction, pyrrolidine N-dealkylation, and oxidation to N-butanoic acid and O-dealkylation. Protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne potencies at MOR were 3.7 and 11.5 nmol L-1, respectively; efficacies were 154 and 101%. Partial agonism and low potency were observed at KOR/DOR. In silico inhibition constants at MOR for protonitazepyne, 5-amino-protonitazepyne, metonitazepyne, and 5-amino-metonitazepyne were 0.68, 11.45, 1.98, and 2,050 nmol L-1, respectively. Protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne are MOR-selective full agonists, with potencies about seven and two times higher than fentanyl. These nitazenes present significant health risks through central nervous system/respiratory depression. Their primary metabolites showed lower/marginal in silico MOR affinity, suggesting they might be pharmacologically active, albeit to a much lesser extent than the parent compounds. We propose 5-amino derivatives (blood) and N-butanoic acid derivatives (urine) as biomarkers for detecting consumption.
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Leg Length Discrepancy After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Review of Clinical Assessments, Imaging Diagnostics, and Medico-Legal Implications
Anno: 2025
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Bianco Prevot, Luca; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Bolcato, Vittorio; Accetta, Riccardo; Di Mauro, Lucio; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349382
Citazioni:
Leg Length Discrepancy After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Review of Clinical Assessments, Imaging Diagnostics, and Medico-Legal Implications / Bianco Prevot, L., Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V., Accetta, R., Di Mauro, L., Basile, G.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 13:12(2025). [10.3390/healthcare13121358]
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a widely performed procedure to alleviate pain and improve function in patients with hip disorders. However, leg length discrepancy (LLD) remains a prevalent complication. LLD can cause gait disturbances, back pain, postural imbalance, and patie...nt dissatisfaction, along with significant medico-legal implications. This review examines the evaluation, management, and medico-legal aspects of LLD. Methods: The review analyzed literature on the prevalence, evaluation methods, and management strategies for LLD in THA. Radiographic and clinical assessment tools were considered, alongside factors such as pelvic obliquity and pre-existing conditions. The importance of preoperative planning, intraoperative techniques (including computer-assisted methods), and comprehensive documentation was evaluated to address both clinical and legal challenges. Results: The review shows that leg length discrepancy (LLD) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) occurs in 3% to 30% of cases, with mean values ranging from 3 to 17 mm. LLD may result from anatomical or procedural factors, and effective evaluation requires both radiographic imaging and clinical assessment. Preoperative planning plays a critical role in accurately assessing anatomical parameters and selecting appropriate prosthetic components to preserve or restore limb length symmetry. Advanced intraoperative techniques, including computer-assisted surgery, help reduce LLD incidence. While some complications may be unavoidable, proper documentation and patient communication, particularly regarding informed consent, are essential to mitigate medico-legal risks Conclusions: LLD after THA requires a multidimensional approach incorporating clinical, radiological, biomechanical, and legal considerations. Effective preoperative and intraoperative strategies, combined with robust communication and documentation, are essential to minimize LLD and its associated risks. A focus on precision and patient-centered care can improve outcomes and reduce litigation.
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Post-mortem diagnosis of septic arthritis by Pasteurella multocida: a case report and literature review of fatal septic arthritis
Anno: 2025
Rivista: FORENSIC SCIENCE, MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Giorgetti, Arianna; Santelli, Simone; Filipuzzi, Ilenia; Bonasoni, Maria Paola; Basile, Giuseppe; Pirani, Filippo; Pelotti, Susi
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343998
Citazioni:
Post-mortem diagnosis of septic arthritis by Pasteurella multocida: a case report and literature review of fatal septic arthritis / Giorgetti, A., Santelli, S., Filipuzzi, I., Bonasoni, M.P., Basile, G., Pirani, F., Pelotti, S.. - In: FORENSIC SCIENCE, MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY. - ISSN 1556-2891. - 21:(2025), pp. 787-806. [10.1007/s12024-024-00929-x]
Abstract:
The diagnosis of septic arthritis remains challenging in the clinical setting, often leading to a suspicion for medical liability. Our purpose is to describe an unusual case of a post-mortem diagnosis of P. multocida fatal septic arthritis, in a healthy 67-year-old woman presenting with pain in the ...right shoulder. Moreover, a literature review of cases of fatal septic arthritis is provided. The multidisciplinary approach consisted of a forensic autopsy and additional post-mortem analyses (microbiology, biochemical analyses, histopathology, and revision of radiological images) carried out during the prosecutor’s investigation for medical liability. A systematic review of the literature was performed to collect cases of fatal septic arthritis and to understand its frequency and characteristics. No clear cause of death was determined after the autopsy, that only highlighted swelling and purulent exudation in the right glenohumeral joint. The microbiological swab performed on the shoulder tested positive for P. multocida, while histopathological and biochemical data were consistent with a sepsis. These results guided the interview with the woman’s relatives, until a history of a previous contact with a stray cat emerged. The cause of death was deemed as fatal septic arthritis caused by P. multocida, occurred after cat scratches and bites and only diagnosed post-mortem. The review of the literature provided 15 articles about fatal septic arthritis, only 1 caused by P. multocida, and all with ante-mortem diagnosis. Given the nonspecific symptoms, usually including a localized pain, and the absence of a clear history, e.g. of animal contact, septic arthritis might represent an under-reported clinical and pathological diagnosis, leading to a judicial autopsy for the suspicion for medical liability. The post-mortem examination, following a multidisciplinary approach including integration of the clinical history, microbiological and histopathological analysis, could represent the only opportunity for the diagnosis of the cause of death.
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Insights into the human metabolism and in silico receptor activity of gidazepam and desalkylgidazepam
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Gameli, Prince Sellase; Kutzler, Johannes; Minnelli, Cristina; Basile, Giuseppe; Laudadio, Emiliano; Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Auwärter, Volker; Carlier, Jeremy
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/351052
Citazioni:
Insights into the human metabolism and in silico receptor activity of gidazepam and desalkylgidazepam / Gameli, P.S., Kutzler, J., Minnelli, C., Basile, G., Laudadio, E., Busardo', F.P., Auwärter, V., Carlier, J.. - In: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5761. - (2025). [Epub ahead of print] [10.1007/s00204-025-04249-z]
Abstract:
Desalkylgidazepam, an active gidazepam metabolite, first appeared on the illicit drug market in 2022 and has been detected in polydrug intoxication cases. Since both benzodiazepines and their metabolites can result from gidazepam metabolism, it is important to identify markers that specifically indi...cate consumption of each compound. We therefore investigated the human metabolism of gidazepam and desalkylgidazepam by incubating them with human hepatocytes and analyzing the resulting samples, along with human blood from a confirmed desalkylgidazepam-positive case, using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. To further assess their pharmacological profile, we examined the activity of gidazepam, desalkylgidazepam, and their potential (3R)- and (3S)-hydroxy metabolites at γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAAR) and 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) receptors in silico, using AutoDock Tools and UCSF Chimera. Gidazepam was metabolized through N-desalkylation (yielding desalkylgidazepam), N-acetylation, and N-glucuronidation. Conversely, desalkylgidazepam was subjected to hydroxylation and subsequent O-glucuronidation reactions. Notably, gidazepam demonstrated a lower affinity at GABAAR’s prominent α1/γ2 site compared to desalkylgidazepam and its (3R)- and (3S)-hydroxy metabolites. However, its interaction with the transmembrane domains of the α1β2 subunit may account for its anxiolytic effects. For the TSPO receptor, gidazepam and 3-hydroxy desalkylgidazepam metabolites showed higher binding affinity, whereas desalkylgidazepam did not bind to TSPO. Our findings suggest blood markers specific to gidazepam, namely gidazepam-N-glucuronide and N-acetyl gidazepam, are essential for confirming gidazepam consumption. In addition, in silico modelling supports the hypothesis that gidazepam functions as a prodrug via GABAAR and as an agonist at TSPO. Further research is necessary to clarify designer benzodiazepine activity at TSPO.
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Identification of alexamorelin consumption biomarkers using human hepatocyte incubations and high-resolution mass spectrometry
Anno: 2025
Rivista: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Pobee, Elizabeth; Daziani, Gloria; Gameli, Prince S; Basile, Giuseppe; Carlier, Jeremy; Tini, Anastasio
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344873
Citazioni:
Identification of alexamorelin consumption biomarkers using human hepatocyte incubations and high-resolution mass spectrometry / Pobee, E., Daziani, G., Gameli, P.S., Basile, G., Carlier, J., Tini, A.. - In: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0146-4760. - 49:6(2025), pp. 394-400. [10.1093/jat/bkaf038]
Abstract:
Alexamorelin is a synthetic peptide and growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) with potential performance-enhancing properties, making its use and abuse a topic of interest in clinical research and doping monitoring. Alexamorelin mimics the natural peptide hormone ghrelin by binding to the GHS type 1a re...ceptor (GHS-R1a) in the pituitary gland, thereby promoting endogenous growth hormone release. Identifying alexamorelin and/or its metabolite biomarkers is crucial for effective doping controls. The purpose of this study was to determine and characterize biomarkers associated with alexamorelin intake. In silico metabolite predictions were performed using GLORYx freeware, and in vitro incubations were conducted with pooled human hepatocytes from 10 donors. Samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), with data processed through Thermo Scientific's Compound Discoverer. GLORYx predicted 21 single-reaction metabolites. N-Acetylation was identified as the primary transformation, with the highest probability score (98%), and occurring either at the C-terminal Ala or the N-terminal Lys. Other predicted transformations included N-oxidation, hydroxylation, amide hydrolysis, oxidative deamination, and phase II N-glucuronidation, with probability scores below 40%. All these transformations were predicted to occur at the two C-terminal (Ala or His) or N-terminal (D-Phe or Lys) amino acids. After 3 h of incubation with hepatocytes, only one metabolite (known as examorelin or hexarelin) was detected, resulting from the C-terminal cleavage of the Ala amino acid; this metabolic reaction is mediated by a carboxypeptidase. The alexamorelin signal decreased approximately 150-fold after 3 h, indicating significant hepatic metabolism. However, examorelin itself is a commercially available GHS secretagogue, and thus, it is not specific to alexamorelin consumption. Detecting alexamorelin remains critical to documenting its use.
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Dipyanone, a new methadone-like synthetic opioid: In vitro and in vivo human metabolism and pharmacological profiling
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Berardinelli, Diletta; Kutzler, Johannes; Taoussi, Omayema; Zaami, Simona; Pichini, Simona; Basile, Giuseppe; Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Auwärter, Volker; Carlier, Jeremy
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343494
Citazioni:
Dipyanone, a new methadone-like synthetic opioid: In vitro and in vivo human metabolism and pharmacological profiling / Berardinelli, D., Kutzler, J., Taoussi, O., Zaami, S., Pichini, S., Basile, G., Busardo', F.P., Auwärter, V., Carlier, J.. - In: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5761. - 99:(2025), pp. 110553.2339-110553.2353. [10.1007/s00204-025-04023-1]
Abstract:
The emergence of novel synthetic opioids (NSOs) poses significant challenges to public health, toxicologists, and law enforcement. Since the comprehensive scheduling of fentanyl analogues in many countries worldwide, several non-fentanyl NSOs have emerged on the illicit drug market, increasing the r...isks of addiction and fatal overdoses. Dipyanone, a methadone-like NSO, was first identified in drug seizures in 2021 and later also in postmortem cases. This study aimed to assess the metabolism of dipyanone in humans using in silico predictions, in vitro human hepatocyte incubations, and authentic urine specimens. Dipyanone was primarily metabolised through the opening of the pyrrolidine ring to form the corresponding N-butan-4-ol or N-butanoic acid compound, followed by cyclisation to 4’-[2-ethylidene-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidin-1-yl]butan-1’-ol (EMDPB) and 4’-[2-ethylidene-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidin-1-yl]butanoic acid (EMDPBA); other metabolic transformations included hydroxylation, reduction, and O-glucuronidation. We propose EMDPB and EMDPBA as specific biomarkers of dipyanone consumption. Additionally, dipyanone’s activation of µ- (MOR), κ- (KOR), and δ- (DOR) opioid receptors was evaluated with a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence-based GTP Gi binding assay. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) and maximum effect (Emax) were 96.8 nM and 106% (compared to fentanyl at MOR), 380.4 nM and 13% (compared to U-50488 at KOR), and 1067 nM and 56% (compared to SNC-80 at DOR). Dipyanone’s opioid receptor activation pattern was similar to that of methadone, with a strong agonistic effect at MOR, potentially inducing potent analgesic effects with health risks through the central nervous system and respiratory depression, as well as an abuse and dependence potential. Further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies should be conducted to better understand the toxicological relevance of dipyanone.
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Brain donation rules in Italy and worldwide: overview of a cutting-edge topic for human brain research
Anno: 2025
Rivista: NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Bolcato, Vittorio; Poloni, Tino Emanuele; Basile, Giuseppe; Davin, Annalisa; Ferrari, Riccardo Rocco; Negro, Giulia; Ceretti, Arcangelo; Guaita, Antonio; Tronconi, Livio Pietro
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343987
Citazioni:
Brain donation rules in Italy and worldwide: overview of a cutting-edge topic for human brain research / Bolcato, V., Poloni, T.E., Basile, G., Davin, A., Ferrari, R.R., Negro, G., Ceretti, A., Guaita, A., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 1590-1874. - 46:(2025), pp. 3573-3580. [10.1007/s10072-025-08214-7]
Abstract:
Neuropathological examination of the brain and its biochemical analyses are fundamental to neuroscience studies and public health decisions, but are dependent on the effectiveness of regulations and operational protocols. The article discusses opportunities and limits of Italian regulation on body d...onation in relation to the specific requirements of neuropathology and brain sciences, in comparison with the regulations of other countries. Some crucial issues emerge, widely shared in the various regulatory contexts. The main aspect is the willingness to donate, consciously expressed by the subject by signing an informed consent or through the formulation of advanced directives. The donation of a single organ, the brain in particular, does not necessarily imply the donation of the entire body, which should be considered separately. In the specific case of the brain, particular attention is given to reducing the post-mortem interval, in order to obtain tissues suitable for research. Consequently, the centres that deal with the brain and brain banking must have experience and expertise in handling nervous tissue, and do not necessarily have to deal with the management of the entire body. These aspects, still little addressed in Italy, are the basis to develop an effective brain banking activity, which can only develop by integrating post-mortem body donation with specific rules for brain banking without which Italian neuroscience will be penalised in the coming years.
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Efficacy and Clinical Application of Physical Activity in Substance Use Disorder Rehabilitation: A Review on Mechanism and Benefits
Anno: 2025
Rivista: PHYSIOLOGIA
Autori/autrici: Calcini, Gaia; Bolcato, Vittorio; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343997
Citazioni:
Efficacy and Clinical Application of Physical Activity in Substance Use Disorder Rehabilitation: A Review on Mechanism and Benefits / Calcini, G., Bolcato, V., Tronconi, L.P., Basile, G.. - In: PHYSIOLOGIA. - ISSN 2673-9488. - 5:1(2025). [10.3390/physiologia5010007]
Abstract:
Background: Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) are chronic conditions characterized by high relapse rates and significant psychological, physical, and social complications. Despite the availability of traditional pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, many individuals struggle to maintain ...abstinence. Recently, physical activity (PA) has emerged as a promising complementary intervention. This review aims to examine the existing evidence on the effects of PA in individuals with SUDs, with a particular focus on neurobiological mechanisms. Methods: A narrative review was conducted on 30 September 2024, searching relevant keywords on PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, reviews, and meta-analyses published between 1988 and 2024 were considered. Results: Fifty studies were included. Key themes included the role of PA in inducing neuroadaptation in individuals with SUDs, which is crucial for relapse prevention and impulse control, and the effects of PA depending on the type of PA and the specific SUD. Neurobiological modifications related to PA are of particular interest in the search for potential biomarkers. Additionally, studies explored the effects of PA on cravings, mental health, and quality of life. The review overall discusses the psychological changes induced by PA during SUD rehabilitation, identifies barriers to participation in PA programs, and suggests clinical and organizational strategies to enhance adherence. Conclusions: Physical activity is a promising adjunctive therapy for the management of Substance Use Disorders. Long-time longitudinal studies and meta-analyses are needed to sustain scientific evidence of efficacy. The success of PA programs moreover depends on overcoming barriers to adherence, including physical, psychological, and logistical challenges.
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Innovative Strategies for Hip Synovial Chondromatosis and Its Medico-Legal Implications
Anno: 2025
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Bianco Prevot, L; Bolcato, V; Basile, M; Tronconi, L P
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349363
Citazioni:
Innovative Strategies for Hip Synovial Chondromatosis and Its Medico-Legal Implications / Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Bolcato, V., Basile, M., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 176:4(2025), pp. 495-497. [10.7417/CT.2025.5253]
Abstract:
Primary synovial chondromatosis of the hip is a rare pathology characterized by metaplastic changes in the synovium, leading to the formation of cartilage nodules and, eventually, free intra-articular bodies. Early manifestations, such as pain, stiffness, and limited mobility, require timely differe...ntial diagnostic process through imaging techniques, with magnetic resonance imaging being the gold standard diagnostic method, complemented by histopathological analysis. Considering the rarity of the condition, the diagnostic suspicion is linked to the expertise of the professional and the referral to specialized centers/professionals. While, the evolution toward minimally invasive surgical techniques and a multidisciplinary approach has improved clinical outcomes, the level of evidence in the different surgical approach are worthy of further long-term investigation. Furthermore, the definition of multidisciplinary diagnostic-therapeutic protocols based on evidence is of importance. In conclusion, the careful management of the condition, along with detailed docu mentation, is essential to minimize medico-legal implications associated with potential diagnostic delays, interpretative errors or improper surgical approach indication.
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Atypical vascular calcification with osseous and bone marrow metaplasia: post-mortem cases series with functional pathogenetic implications
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ACTA PHLEBOLOGICA
Autori/autrici: Carelli, Claudia; Lanzillotta, Fiorella; Moretti, Matteo; Fassina, Giovanni; Morini, Luca; Basile, Giuseppe; Tronconi, Livio P.; Bolcato, Vittorio
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343989
Citazioni:
Atypical vascular calcification with osseous and bone marrow metaplasia: post-mortem cases series with functional pathogenetic implications / Carelli, C., Lanzillotta, F., Moretti, M., Fassina, G., Morini, L., Basile, G., Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V.. - In: ACTA PHLEBOLOGICA. - ISSN 1593-232X. - 26:1(2025), pp. 45-48. [10.23736/s1593-232x.24.00615-5]
Abstract:
Arterial vascular calcification is an ectopic mineralization similar to bone formation, acknowledged as an active process. Osseous metaplasia can be uncommonly observed inside vascular calcifications, mainly in the peripheral vessels, and rarely together with bone marrow cellularity, even if the inc...idence is underestimated. We hereby illustrate three cases, median age 82 years, female/male ratio 2/1, where osseous metaplasia with hematopoietic cells was incidentally observed within vascular calcifications: in one case in peripheral artery and in two cases in coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension were reported in the three cases. Final causes of death were pulmonary thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and trauma due to car accident. Bone marrow metaplasia has important consequences for plaque stability, particularly in coronary arteries, because it could determine a risk per se of cardiovascular adverse events, but also a risk of adverse events in case of endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Insight into the pathogenetic process and thus the possibility to assess the plaque rupture risk are of central importance for cardiovascular risk management.
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Surgical vs conservative: what is the best treatment of acute Rockwood III acromioclavicular joint dislocation? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Anno: 2025
Rivista: EFORT OPEN REVIEWS
Autori/autrici: Bianco Prevot, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Fozzato, Stefania; Moroder, Philipp; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343995
Citazioni:
Surgical vs conservative: what is the best treatment of acute Rockwood III acromioclavicular joint dislocation? A systematic review and meta-analysis / Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Fozzato, S., Moroder, P., Basile, G.. - In: EFORT OPEN REVIEWS. - ISSN 2058-5241. - 10:3(2025), pp. 141-150. [10.1530/eor-2024-0077]
Abstract:
Purpose: No literature consensus was found about the best treatment of acute Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages between conservative treatment and surgery are not sufficiently quantified in the current literature. Methods: A s...ystematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and Embase in March 2024. We selected studies comparing surgical and conservative treatment in acute Rockwood III ACJ dislocations. The two treatment methods were compared in terms of Constant score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH); American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score; Acromioclavicular Joint Instability Score (ACJIS); subjective shoulder value (SSV); radiographical findings; reported complications; and return to sports activity. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using Cochrane guidelines. Results: A total of 1844 articles were evaluated, and ten were included in the study for a total of 397 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of Constant score (P = 0.31), DASH (P = 0.52), ASES (P = 0.66) and SSV (P = 0.21), while it highlighted a statistically significant difference in terms of ACJIS (P = 0.00) and acromioclavicular (P = 0.00) and coracoclavicular distance (P = 0.00). Conclusion: The results showed no significant differences in terms of patient-reported or objective functional outcomes between the two treatment groups. Nonetheless, it highlights a difference in terms of radiographical outcomes and type of complications. While surgical intervention is able to improve joint reduction, it adds the risk for surgical complications.
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Comminuted Mason III/IV Radial Head Fractures: What Is the Best Treatment Between Prosthesis and Radial Head Resection? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Anno: 2025
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Bianco Prevot, Luca; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Bolcato, Vittorio; Accetta, Riccardo; Fozzato, Stefania; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343994
Citazioni:
Comminuted Mason III/IV Radial Head Fractures: What Is the Best Treatment Between Prosthesis and Radial Head Resection? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / Bianco Prevot, L., Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V., Accetta, R., Fozzato, S., Basile, G.. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 14:5(2025). [10.3390/jcm14051773]
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Various surgical methods have been proposed for the treatment of comminuted Mason III/IV radial head fractures. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages between prosthesis implantation (RHA) or radial head resection (RHR) are not sufficiently quantified in the current l...iterature. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase in February 2024. Studies conducted on patients with Mason type III or IV radial head fractures and studies relating to surgical methods, including radial head resection or Radial head prosthesis implantation, were included. The two methods were evaluated in terms of clinical and functional results through the DASH score (Disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand), Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI), and flexion-extension range of motion. The onset of osteoarthritis and complications were also assessed. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using Cochrane guidelines. Results: A total of 345 articles were evaluated and, of these, 21 were included in the study for a total of 552 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant differences in favor of RHA or RHR in terms of Mayo Elbow Performance (p = 0.58), degrees of flexion (p = 0.689), degrees of extension deficit (p = 0.697), and overall incidence of complications (p = 0.389), while it highlighted a statistically significant difference in terms of DASH score (19.2 vs. 16.2, respectively; p = 0.008) and subjects who developed osteoarthritis (13.4% vs. 47.3%, respectively; p = 0.046). Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis confirm that both surgical methods provide good functional outcomes, with no significant differences in MEPI, DASH, and range of motion. However, a higher incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis was observed in patients undergoing RHR. Additionally, RHR patients exhibited slightly worse functional outcomes in the DASH score; however, this difference is not substantial enough to be considered clinically significant. These findings suggest that while both techniques are viable, RHA may be preferable in patients at higher risk of joint degeneration and instability, and the choice of treatment should be tailored to individual patient characteristics.
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Modified osteodesis procedure using the mini TightRope system for the correction of hallux valgus with full weight-bearing protocol: our experience with an historical report
Anno: 2025
Rivista: MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY
Autori/autrici: Gagliardi, V. P.; Jannelli, E.; Minen, A.; Villafañe, J. H.; Colò, G.; Samaila, E. M.; Basile, G.; Leigheb, M.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349372
Citazioni:
Modified osteodesis procedure using the mini TightRope system for the correction of hallux valgus with full weight-bearing protocol: our experience with an historical report / Gagliardi, V.P., Jannelli, E., Minen, A., Villafañe, J.H., Colò, G., Samaila, E.M., Basile, G., Leigheb, M.. - In: MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY. - ISSN 2035-5114. - (2025). [Epub ahead of print] [10.1007/s12306-025-00905-w]
Abstract:
Background: Hallux valgus is a common pathology in the orthopedic daily practice. More than 100 techniques of surgical correction are currently described in the literature, mostly focused on osteotomies. Procedures based on soft tissues balancing are actually less described. Materials and methods: B...etween May and October 2019, 20 patients, 16 females and 4 males, underwent surgery using mini TightRope® system. All were addressed to preoperative radiological and clinical assessment through the AOFAS-hallux scale and radiographs. Follow-up was performed postoperatively with weight-bearing radiographs and AOFAS-hallux score at 5 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. All patients were postoperatively allowed to immediately full weight-bear wearing a stiff sole orthopedic shoe (Donjoy, Podalux™). Results: The results showed an improvement in the functional score (average AOFAS from 53.5 to 87 at 6 months) and a decrease in IMA and HVA in the direct postoperative with 9.2° and 28.3°, respectively. The reductions were maintained through 6 months and compared with the preoperative condition a reduction of 6.0° and 7.3°, respectively, were observed. Conclusions: Correction of hallux valgus with the modified osteodesis procedure with the mini TightRope system with Full Weight-Bearing can be considered effective, safe and reliable.
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Healthcare AI, explainability, and the human-machine relationship: a (not so) novel practical challenge
Anno: 2025
Rivista: FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Giorgetti, Claudia; Contissa, Giuseppe; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343996
Citazioni:
Healthcare AI, explainability, and the human-machine relationship: a (not so) novel practical challenge / Giorgetti, C., Contissa, G., Basile, G.. - In: FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE. - ISSN 2296-858X. - 12:(2025). [10.3389/fmed.2025.1545409]
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the lack of explainability that afflicts machine-learning-based AI systems applied in the field of healthcare. After a brief introduction to the topic, from both a technical and legal point of view, this work aims to assess the main consequences that the lack of explainability ...has on the human-machine relationship in clinical care, through a practical perspective. It then questions whether explainability is truly an objective worth seeking and, if so, to what extent, taking into account the current possible solutions.
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Shaft femoral fracture secondary to osteopathic manipulation: Case report and medico-legal implication
Anno: 2025
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Prevot, Luca Bianco; Bolcato, Vittorio; Fozzato, Stefania; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343999
Citazioni:
Shaft femoral fracture secondary to osteopathic manipulation: Case report and medico-legal implication / Prevot, L.B., Bolcato, V., Fozzato, S., Tronconi, L.P., Basile, G.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE. - ISSN 1746-0689. - 56:(2025). [10.1016/j.ijosm.2025.100746]
Abstract:
Background: People increasingly look for osteopathic practitioners due to musculoskeletal conditions, particularly for low back pain. Serious complications such as femur fractures are rare, and often depend on bone fragility due to osteoporosis or neoplastic involvement. Case report: We present a 43...-year-old woman who suffered a femur fracture following osteopath manipulation at the lumbar and right thigh for low back pain of recent onset. The osteopath did not document informed consent disclosure and personal clinical history collection. After hospitalisation, the patient underwent synthesis with femoral nailing. Further investigations found secondary pelvic and spinal bones lesions of a breast cancer, 12 years after the treatment and out of follow-up. Discussion: In Italy, the osteopath is a health professional aimed at maintaining well-being through external manipulation. The osteopath must then document in writting the informative process concerning the osteopathic method and the related risks, as well as the subject's consent. Meanwhile, a preliminary pathological history collection and objective examination must be performed to exclude pathological conditions, otherwise to be referred to a physician for further assessment and management. Conclusions: The osteopath, who usually works as a self-insured free-lance professional, is called to inform the patient of the risks associated with manipulation and of alternative options, and to plan the care pathway after proper clinical assessment of the subject, by anticipating the possibility of further investigation by a physician.
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In vivo and in vitro metabolism of the designer benzodiazepine, bretazenil: a comparison of pooled human hepatocytes and liver microsomes with postmortem urine and blood samples
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Gameli, Prince S.; Kutzler, Johannes; Huppertz, Laura M.; Berardinelli, Diletta; Tronconi, Livio; Basile, Giuseppe; Carlier, Jeremy; Busardo', Francesco P.; Auwärter, Volker
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348097
Citazioni:
In vivo and in vitro metabolism of the designer benzodiazepine, bretazenil: a comparison of pooled human hepatocytes and liver microsomes with postmortem urine and blood samples / Gameli, P.S., Kutzler, J., Huppertz, L.M., Berardinelli, D., Tronconi, L., Basile, G., Carlier, J., Busardo', F.P., Auwärter, V.. - In: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5761. - (2025). [Epub ahead of print] [10.1007/s00204-025-04213-x]
Abstract:
Benzodiazepines are often used with other drugs like opioids, potentially leading to severe intoxications. Bretazenil, an imidazo-tetrahydropyrrolo-1,4-benzodiazepine, developed in the 1980s but never marketed as a medicine, has recently appeared on the illicit drug market. Given its high potency, s...hort elimination half-life, and potential for rapid metabolism, it is essential to identify markers for bretazenil consumption for clinical and forensic purposes. Our study aimed to thoroughly explore bretazenil's metabolism using web-based in silico prediction tools, in vitro incubation with pooled human liver microsomes and hepatocytes, and to compare these results with authentic postmortem blood and urine samples. The in silico prediction revealed 16 metabolites, mainly formed by hydroxylation (phase I) and further O-glucuronidation, sulfation, and methylation (phase II) reactions. High-resolution mass spectrometry and software-aided data processing of in vitro and in vivo samples identified a total of 26 metabolites. Eight metabolites were detected in vitro, 15 in postmortem urine, and 11 in postmortem blood. Hydroxylation on the pyrrolidine ring was predominant. Other phase I reactions, including combinations of dihydroxylation, hydroxylation, reduction, and carboxylation as well as phase II glucuronidation and sulfation on the pyrrolidine ring, imidazole ring, or the tert-butyl chain, were also identified. Additionally, we discovered a new benzodiazepine biotransformation pathway via hydroxylation and cysteine conjugation in both human hepatocytes and blood. Due to bretazenil's extensive metabolism, we recommend hydroxy-bretazenil (B14), reduced hydroxy-bretazenil (B6), and reduced dihydroxy-bretazenil (B1) as significant markers for detecting bretazenil use.
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From Laws and Court Rulings to Daily Clinical Practice: The Role of Forensic Experts in Modelling Informed Consent Disclosure for Health Treatment
Anno: 2025
Rivista: FORENSIC SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Bolcato, Vittorio; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Carrozzo, Alessandro; Bambagiotti, Giulia; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349380
Citazioni:
From Laws and Court Rulings to Daily Clinical Practice: The Role of Forensic Experts in Modelling Informed Consent Disclosure for Health Treatment / Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V., Bianco Prevot, L., Carrozzo, A., Bambagiotti, G., Basile, G.. - In: FORENSIC SCIENCES. - ISSN 2673-6756. - 5:3(2025). [10.3390/forensicsci5030040]
Abstract:
Informed consent is a fundamental component of both the right to health and self-determination. Its violation, which occurs when the acquisition process is absent or flawed, can also lead to legal proceedings for isolated harm, regardless of the simultaneous existence of those related to biological ...and psychological harm. Across Europe, this remains a legal and ethical cornerstone, increasingly important in the context of cross-border care and culturally diverse healthcare settings. Many countries have enacted specific laws to ensure patients receive adequate information, while courts continue to refine its interpretation—often highlighting the inadequacy of informed consent in daily clinical practice. In Italy, in particular, recent rulings underscore the need for clear, comprehensive, and properly documented consent formats for health treatments. This review synthesizes rulings, regulations, and the scientific literature to offer practical guidance for improving informed consent practices in Italy, valuing the role of forensic experts in the integration in healthcare settings of the different interests at stake. The aim is to support both legal compliance and the delivery of high-quality, patient-centred care. Courts and legislation in Italy demand clear and tailored informative disclosure for health treatments, with indications of the treatment and outcomes, to be in written form. Yet, foreseeable risks, more common complications, and alternative treatment options are often poorly communicated in practice—frequently forming the basis of claims for compensation. Integrating team-based consultations and multimedia tools can significantly enhance patient understanding and secure the informed consent process. Those key points are summarized in a brief table, ideally suggesting the minimal requirements for an informed consent form. Investing in standardizing informed consent protocols, and also fostering the sharing of best practices with forensic medicine experts, are crucial steps in ensuring shared decision-making in healthcare and trying to reduce legal disputes.
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Infective endocarditis and litigation for compensation on healthcare-associated infections: An Italian sample analysis
Anno: 2025
Rivista: JOURNAL OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe; Mikus, Elisa; Prevot, Luca Bianco; Savini, Carlo; Lo Russo, Gerardo Vito; Sangiorgi, Diego; Bolcato, Vittorio
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343991
Citazioni:
Infective endocarditis and litigation for compensation on healthcare-associated infections: An Italian sample analysis / Tronconi, L.P., Basile, G., Mikus, E., Prevot, L.B., Savini, C., Lo Russo, G.V., Sangiorgi, D., Bolcato, V.. - In: JOURNAL OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 1752-928X. - 113:(2025). [10.1016/j.jflm.2025.102861]
Abstract:
Background: Litigation related to Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) in Italy represent a growing field of interest in establishing the medico-legal link between infection and the healthcare environment and practices for compensation; it is little explored in the cardiovascular surgery regardin...g infective endocarditis (IE). Methods: We retrospectively analysed the civil judgements on infective endocarditis in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna from 2016 to July 2024 using Ministry of Justice national official database. The search was conducted on the online database on July 31, 2024, using the free word "endocarditis”. Two authors independently analysed the full-text judgements:, those IE without relevance in the reason for the claim were excluded. Main items were the timeline and outcome, with complaint motivation and liability ascertainment. In-court confirmation of healthcare causal link was reported. Results: Twenty-five judgments were retrieved. After screening for inclusion, nineteen judgements (11 of first instance and 8 of appeal) were included, for overall 15 cases of infective endocarditis. Of the fifteen cases, median age 60.5 years, 73 % males, median time for claim 6 years, for judgement 10 years and, if appealed, 16.5 years. Annual distribution of the claims was linear over time. Eleven (67 %) infective endocarditis were confirmed as healthcare-associated in trial. The prevalent reason for liability was improper or delayed diagnosis and/or treatment of the IE. Valvular surgery resulted in 40 %, while the more frequent pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (40 %) and epidermidis (30 %). Of fifteen cases, 73 % was decided in favour of the patient-claimant, with an average cost of €289.872, plus an additional €55.296 in case of appeal. Only in 25 % the appeal's judge changed decision. In all cases, technical advisors were appointed. Conclusions: This sample provides an initial insight into litigation for compensation related to infective endocarditis, highlighting specific characteristics compared to HAIs management in court. Medico-legal reasoning should be integrated into infection prevention and control policies and overall clinical risk management strategies.
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Legislation on Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID): Preliminary Consideration on the First Regional Law in Italy
Anno: 2025
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Blandi, Lorenzo; Tolentino, Russell; Basile, Giuseppe; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Signorelli, Carlo; Bolcato, Vittorio
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343986
Citazioni:
Legislation on Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID): Preliminary Consideration on the First Regional Law in Italy / Blandi, L., Tolentino, R., Basile, G., Tronconi, L.P., Signorelli, C., Bolcato, V.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 13:9(2025). [10.3390/healthcare13091091]
Abstract:
Medical assistance in dying (MAID) remains a sensitive and evolving issue in Europe, frequently linked with discussions about human freedom, life dignity, and healthcare policy. While national consensus in Italy is absent, the Region of Tuscany has enacted Law No. 16/2025, which establishes a MAID p...rocedure based on recent Constitutional Court rulings. The commentary aims to provide a preliminary analysis of the new law, addressing ethical, medico-legal, and social issues that emerge in relation to the Italian and global debate on the topic. The law establishes a three-stage process based on four eligibility criteria: irreversible disease, psycho-physical suffering, life-support dependence, and informed consent. However, Tuscany's model poses medico-legal and ethical concerns, particularly about the boundaries of regional legislative competence, the duties of healthcare professionals, and the possibility of intra-national inequity or "health migration." In addition, critical organisational implications derived from informed consent and lethal drug self-administration impede clinical implementation in some individuals with mental or neurological disorders. The lack of clarity in the different steps of the procedure, the uncertain supervision system, and the potential consequences for specific categories of vulnerable people underline the need for comprehensive national regulation. A future regulatory framework must balance procedural clarity with individual autonomy and equitable access, bringing Italy in line with larger European context for end-of-life care.
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Insights into the separation, enantioseparation and recognition mechanisms of methamphetamine isotopologues on achiral and polysaccharide-based chiral columns in high-performance liquid chromatography
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
Autori/autrici: Kobidze, Giorgi; Sprega, Giorgia; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Balloni, Aurora; Peluso, Paola; Farkas, Tivadar; Karchkhadze, Marina; Basile, Giuseppe; Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344000
Citazioni:
Insights into the separation, enantioseparation and recognition mechanisms of methamphetamine isotopologues on achiral and polysaccharide-based chiral columns in high-performance liquid chromatography / Kobidze, G., Sprega, G., Lo Faro, A.F., Balloni, A., Peluso, P., Farkas, T., Karchkhadze, M., Basile, G., Busardo', F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA. - ISSN 0003-2670. - 1337:(2025). [10.1016/j.aca.2024.343542]
Abstract:
Background: Isotopologues resulting from the labelling of molecules with deuterium have attracted interest due to the isotope effect observed in chemistry and biosciences. Isotope effect may also play out in noncovalent interactions and mechanisms leading to intermolecular recognition. In chromatogr...aphy, differences in retention time between isotopologues, as well as between isotopomers have been observed resulting in two different elution sequences (isotope effects): the normal isotope effect when heavier isotopologues retain longer than lighter analogues, and the inverse isotope effect featuring the opposite elution order. Although several cases of deuterium isotope effects have been reported so far, the molecular bases of these phenomena remain unclear. Results: We report the separation of isotopologues of methamphetamine (N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine) (MET), featuring different number and location of deuterium substituents, on an achiral column by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), as well as the simultaneous separation of isotopologues and their enantiomers on some polysaccharide-based chiral columns. The effects of the number and location of deuterium substituents introduced in MET's structure, of the surface chemistry of the adsorbent, and the mobile phase composition and pH on the retention and separation of isotopologues and their enantiomers were examined. In several cases, the effect of temperature was also evaluated, and the thermodynamic quantities associated with isotopologue adsorption, separation, and enantioseparation were also calculated. To elucidate the molecular bases of the experimental observations, quantum mechanics calculations were performed focusing on the vibrational degree of freedom calculated for models of isotopologue-selector complexes. On this basis, zero-point vibrational energies were computed as useful descriptors to differentiate computationally between deuterated isotopologues. Significance: Using HPLC as experimental technique with the following dual function: 1) separation of MET isotopologues and their enantiomers; 2) exploring noncovalent interactions underlying their separation. The degree of deuteration, location of deuterium substituents, and mobile phase pH play key roles in isotopologue separations. By integrating experimental and computational analyses, noncovalent interactions underlying normal and inverse isotope effects were deconvoluted, highlighting the contribution of hydrogen bond, hydrophobic and dispersive forces in isotopologue and enantiomer separation.
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Simultaneous enantioselective determination of 2-, 3-, and 4-methylmethcathinones; their isomers; and major phase-1 metabolites in oral fluid of drug abusers using enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Anno: 2025
Rivista: ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Autori/autrici: Kobidze, Giorgi; Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio Lo; Balloni, Aurora; Sprega, Giorgia; Massano, Marta; Wille, Sarah M. R.; Basile, Giuseppe; Farkas, Tivadar; Tini, Anastasio; Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/343993
Citazioni:
Simultaneous enantioselective determination of 2-, 3-, and 4-methylmethcathinones; their isomers; and major phase-1 metabolites in oral fluid of drug abusers using enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry / Kobidze, G., Faro, A.F.L., Balloni, A., Sprega, G., Massano, M., Wille, S.M.R., Basile, G., Farkas, T., Tini, A., Busardo', F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - ISSN 1618-2642. - 417:(2025), pp. 3231-3243. [10.1007/s00216-025-05838-8]
Abstract:
The most powerful and widely used detector for clinical and toxicological analyses is undoubtedly the mass spectrometer (MS) due to its specificity and high sensitivity. However, it cannot differentiate enantiomers from each other, as well as cannot easily distinguish between positional isomers. The...refore, the components of interest to the analysis at hand need to be separated prior to their detection by MS in order to reliably identify and quantify their enantiomers and positional isomers. In the present study, the simultaneous chemo- and enantioseparation of the drugs of abuse, 2-, 3-, and 4-methylmethcathinones, is described. The developed method was applied to 15 oral fluid (OF) samples collected by police in Belgium and found positive for mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC) based on a nonselective method for enantiomers and positional isomers. However, re-analyzing these samples with the analytical method proposed in this report indicated that mephedrone was present in only 1 of them, while 6 samples contained 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) and 12 samples contained 2-methylmethcathinone (2-MMC). At the same time, four OF samples contained both 2- and 3-MMC. The developed method enabled the enantioselective analysis of major metabolites of methylmethcathinones, such as their N-demethyl derivatives (nor-MMCs), as well as, at least partially, of their dihydrometabolites. In addition to their positional isomers, other structural isomers of MMCs, such as buphedrone, metamfepramone, and ethcathinone, could also be detected enantioselectively.
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Asbestos bodies and fibers identification in pulmonary tissue recovered from post-mortem examinations: an update
Anno: 2024
Rivista: MINERVA FORENSIC MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Giorgetti, Arianna; Lacchè, Elena; Gualandi, Alberto; Brandimarti, Francesco; Basile, Giuseppe; Giorgetti, Raffaele
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344007
Citazioni:
Asbestos bodies and fibers identification in pulmonary tissue recovered from post-mortem examinations: an update / Giorgetti, A., Lacchè, E., Gualandi, A., Brandimarti, F., Basile, G., Giorgetti, R.. - In: MINERVA FORENSIC MEDICINE. - ISSN 2784-8922. - 144:2(2024), pp. 71-80. [10.23736/s2784-8922.24.01866-1]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of asbestos-related diseases remains sometimes controversial even if clinical-instrumental, documental-circumstantial and histopathological data are revised. A unique, standardized, shared and accurate procedure to quantify asbestos bodies (AB) and fibers still lacks. In th...is study, an update of the Smith & Naylor method is presented, aiming to possibly solve some of the original procedure’s limits. METHODS: As questionable cases represent a major challenge in the clinical everyday setting, 2 controls and 5 subjects with possible or certain exposure to asbestos were selected. Samples of autoptic pulmonary tissue (0.7 g formalin-fixed) were digested and analyzed through optical (OM) and electron microscopy (SEM). Type of asbestos exposure, obtained from interviews and clinical records’ review, was compared with the estimation of asbestos-related disease, applying Helsinki criteria after the OM-SEM analysis. Analysis of multiple areas of a single lung were additionally performed and used to assess the reproducibility of the results. RESULTS: Exposure as obtained from clinical records and work-related history matched with the OM-SEM analysis results in five of seven cases. One control tested positive to asbestos fibers, outlining the need for a deeper investigation. One case of malignant mesothelioma and with possible exposure to asbestos revealed no AB. In repetitive measures, the highest AB count was 1.81 bigger than lower, but standard deviation appeared acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: The updated Smith & Naylor appears to be a rather easy, inexpensive and reliable method to quantify AB and to diagnose asbestos-related diseases, especially in the absence or discrepancy between clinical data and past history.
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Monitoring the treatment with medical cannabis in patients with chronic pain due to severe osteoarthritis through the analysis of THC, CBD, and metabolites in hair
Anno: 2024
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G.; Basile, M.; Bolcato, V.; Tronconi, L. P.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344008
Citazioni:
Monitoring the treatment with medical cannabis in patients with chronic pain due to severe osteoarthritis through the analysis of THC, CBD, and metabolites in hair / Basile, G., Basile, M., Bolcato, V., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 95:5(2024). [10.23750/abm.v95i5.16136]

New screening and quantification method by UHPLC-MS/MS of 36 new synthetic cathinones in hair. Application to real cases
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS OPEN
Autori/autrici: Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Tini, Anastasio; Kobidze, Giorgi; Mannocchi, Giulio; Gottardi, Massimo; Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Basile, Giuseppe; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344052
Citazioni:
New screening and quantification method by UHPLC-MS/MS of 36 new synthetic cathinones in hair. Application to real cases / Lo Faro, A.F., Tini, A., Kobidze, G., Mannocchi, G., Gottardi, M., Busardo', F.P., Basile, G., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS OPEN. - ISSN 2949-771X. - 4:(2024). [10.1016/j.jpbao.2024.100040]
Abstract:
A class of β-keto analogs of phenethylamine known as synthetic cathinones has been identified as the most emergent new class of psychoactive chemicals in the last ten years. Synthetic cathinones (SC) are becoming more varied, which represents a serious danger to social security and public healt...h worldwide. In this work, an analytical technique based on UHPLC-MS/MS was developed for the simultaneously measurement of 36 synthetic cathinones and two metabolites in hair keratin samples. The separation was conducted by Atlantis Premier BEH C18 AX (2.5 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm) column using elution with 5 mM ammonium acetate in water with 0.1 % formic acid (v/v) (mobile phase A) and 2 mM ammonium formate in MeOH/Acetonitrile 50/50, +0.1 % formic acid (v/v) (mobile phase B). The analysis time was 11 min. Mass spectrometer was equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI). Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used for the detection and quantification of the studied compounds. The methodology was successfully validated according to the Organization Scientific Area Committee guidelines, with linearity (r2 ≥ 0.99) from LOQ to 500 pg/mg concentrations for all the compounds investigated. This method was subsequently applied to nine hair samples positive for ten different synthetic cathinones. The most common SCs identified were 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (3,4-MDPV), in a concentration range 6.0–1000.0 pg/mg, along with alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PHP (54.0 and 554.0 pg/mg, respectively)), followed by the two positional isomers 3-MMC (556.0 and 5000.0 pg/mg) and 4-MMC (11.5 and 448.0 pg/mg). In conclusion, a validated LC-MS/MS method with high specificity was developed offering an easy and affordable sample preparation, and a run time that makes it suitable for use in a high throughput forensic laboratory for the multi-analyte quantification of 36 novel synthetic cathinones and 2 metabolites in hair.
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The main causes of orthopedics and traumatology litigation in Italy: state of the art and review of the literature
Anno: 2024
Rivista: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Calori, Giorgio M.; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Fozzato, Stefania; Ragona, Monica; Chiodi, Benedetto; Montanari, Eva; Amadei, Federico; Leigheb, Massimiliano; Montana, Angelo
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348875
Citazioni:
The main causes of orthopedics and traumatology litigation in Italy: state of the art and review of the literature / Basile, G., Calori, G.M., Bianco Prevot, L., Fozzato, S., Ragona, M., Chiodi, B., Montanari, E., Amadei, F., Leigheb, M., Montana, A.. - In: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS. - ISSN 2784-8469. - 75:2(2024), pp. 153-162. [10.23736/S2784-8469.23.04377-8]
Abstract:
The current situation is complex and not homogeneous, given the increase in litigation and the different legal framework at international level. This work wants to assess the situation in Italy, with the aim of helping to identify the various critical issues and possibly formulate effective correcti...ve actions. A risk management policy was introduced in Italy about 20 years ago. In the region of Lombardy, resolution 46/SAN 2004 and subsequent amendments structured and implemented a detailed litigation analysis process, aimed at clinical governance. The inspiring principle is the availability of true data to be able to intervene with effective corrective actions. The main objective is to better protect the patient, but in compliance with the economic sustainability of the treatment and the whole Health Care System. Data relating to litigation in the field of professional liability of specialists in orthopedics and traumatology will be considered in this contribution. We analyzed the data processed by Lombardy Region, in 22 years of litigations.
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Advance directives in capacity-affecting diseases: The medico-legal perspective
Anno: 2024
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Bolcato, V.; Fassina, G.; Conti, A.; Luca, A. D.; Basile, G.; Tronconi, L. P.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344058
Citazioni:
Advance directives in capacity-affecting diseases: The medico-legal perspective / Bolcato, V., Fassina, G., Conti, A., Luca, A.D., Basile, G., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 95:6(2024). [10.23750/abm.v95i6.16232]
Abstract:
Advanced directives (ADs) and the activation of additional instruments of legal representation in health, in various neuropsychiatric and geriatric settings, nowadays are the tools to support the entitled subject decision-making in healthcare. However, even after Italian Law n. 219/2017 on informed ...consent and advanced treatment directives, many controversial aspects remain with respect to the entitled subject’s autonomy and thus to the full application of the law. The temporal dissonance between care planning and health intervention was one of the main cons, while the entitled subject reference compared to caregivers and practitioners was the main pro. In terms of practical application, the lack of knowledge and practice of ADs by citizens on the one hand, and the poor reference and valorisation to ADs by healthcare professionals on the other, were discussed. No less the frequent reference by the healthcare practitioners to the family members or surrogates in the health choices for the subjects with neuro-psychiatric diseases, or in geriatric setting, results critical, in particular when deviating from settled ADs. Furthermore, the figure of the trustee, as a simple reference for the ADs, is compared to the function of the health guardian, endowed with specific powers of representation; the latter often belatedly and improperly involved in health choices. Some insights from daily consulting activities are proposed for clinical practice, particularly with respect to contingent choices, while highlighting the need to use the appropriate tools provided by law. The regularly updated ADs together with the health guardian function, despite some limitations, fully respond to the need to guarantee clinically, legally, and ethically the entitled person’s autonomy and the balancing of rights. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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Telemedicine in Italy: Healthcare authorization profiles in the modern medico-legal reading
Anno: 2024
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Bolcato, Vittorio; Basile, Giuseppe; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Fassina, Giovanni; Rapuano, Silvia; Brizioli, Enrico; Tronconi, Livio P.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349386
Citazioni:
Telemedicine in Italy: Healthcare authorization profiles in the modern medico-legal reading / Bolcato, V., Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Fassina, G., Rapuano, S., Brizioli, E., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE. - ISSN 0924-6479. - 35:4(2024), pp. 337-343. [10.1177/09246479241301640]
Abstract:
Background: The ruling n. 38485, 20 June 2019, of the Italian Supreme Court, III criminal section, addressed by the perspective of the law the very sensitive and new issue of telemedicine. Objective: This commentary deals with the issue of authorization of telemedicine activities by the health autho...rity, starting from the Italian Court of Criminal Cassation, III section, decision n. 38485/2019. The case law explored the authorization of a health point, which carries out telemedicine services. Methods: Starting from the perspective discussed by Italian health regulations, the paper examines how the health act could be defined, with the possibilities offered by telecommunications, and how it now relates legally to the physical place where it takes place. Results: Even if telemedicine opens the way to virtual spaces of health practice, the Ministry of Health Italian Guidelines pose functional and logistical issues to guarantee users’ safety and health care system accountability. Then, functional requirements for health legitimate practice, and their continuous monitoring, together with the responsibilities of the service centers, health professionals and health facilities, are discussed. Conclusion: The questioning of States’ health law, in a broad health system such as that of the Europe, characterized by autonomous health regulations, is extremely important for cross-border health policy with telemedicine, as overall regulatory compliance in health care is the ground criterion for risk prevention and patient safety, to be properly verified.
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The legally charged issue of cross-border surrogacy: Current regulatory challenges and future prospects
Anno: 2024
Rivista: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY, AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, Susanna; Negro, Francesca; Cristina Varone, Maria; De Paola, Lina; Napoletano, Gabriele; Lopez, Alessandra; Zaami, Simona; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345550
Citazioni:
The legally charged issue of cross-border surrogacy: Current regulatory challenges and future prospects / Marinelli, S., Negro, F., Cristina Varone, M., De Paola, L., Napoletano, G., Lopez, A., Zaami, S., Basile, G.. - In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY, AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY. - ISSN 0301-2115. - 300:(2024), pp. 41-48. [10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.07.008]
Abstract:
The article aims to shed a light on the unique complexities inherent in surrogacy and the legal-ethical challenges that currently exists even in many advanced democracies, which frequently result in uneven and ill-defined standards and processes. The recent proposal of making surrogacy a “univ...ersal crime”, meant to prevent cross-border surrogacy, i.e. travels by citizens from countries where it is illegal to countries where it is legal, has also been weighed, by exploring the current legislative state of affairs, trends and future horizons. Recent case-law has been analyzed and interpreted, with a close focus on Italian Supreme Court ruling n. 38162, issued on 30th December 2022 and European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) rulings issued over the past decade. Uncertainty and ill-defined norms and court rulings risk harming the rights of children, surrogate mothers and intended parents. So far, court decisions have somehow filled the legal vacuum, considering that cross-border surrogacy is not specifically regulated in many countries and the status of children born abroad is still controversial. The views and judgments of supranational courts on the issue need to be accounted for when drafting new specific legislation. It is of utmost importance to uphold the rights of children born through surrogacy abroad, whose best interests risk being damaged. Legislative harmonization at the international level is essential to prevent the cross-border surrogacy trend. The “universal crime” draft bills appear to be difficult to enforce and too vague to be credible at the moment.
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Complex Death Associated with Intra-Hospital Adverse Events and SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Court-Appointed Medico-Legal Evaluation
Anno: 2024
Rivista: FORENSIC SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Pisano, Graziano; Bolcato, Vittorio; Fassina, Giovanni; Tronconi, Livio Pietro
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344001
Citazioni:
Complex Death Associated with Intra-Hospital Adverse Events and SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Court-Appointed Medico-Legal Evaluation / Basile, G., Pisano, G., Bolcato, V., Fassina, G., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: FORENSIC SCIENCES. - ISSN 2673-6756. - 4:4(2024), pp. 669-676. [10.3390/forensicsci4040046]
Abstract:
Background: Among the deaths recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic, some were caused by clinical manifestations of venous thromboembolic disease, mainly pulmonary embolism. Several litigations were settled worldwide for professional malpractice associated with COVID-19 and anticoagulant therapy mana...gement. The authors aimed to discuss, as court-appointed consultants in civil court, a case settled for compensation against a healthcare facility associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case report: We described the case of an old patient in therapy with a direct oral anticoagulant for thrombotic diathesis, hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia, who died after two intra-hospital adverse events influencing coagulation imbalance. Discussion: Two health professionals’ malpractice hypotheses were discussed related to the adverse events’ occurrence: one related to the administration of an enema, resulting in rectal perforation, and the other related to proper anticoagulant prophylaxis and comprehensive coagulation imbalance management after the rectal perforation in a patient at high risk of venous thromboembolic disease. Intra-hospital adverse events complicated the hospitalization and then significantly reduced the concrete possibility, even uncertain in terms of time and extent, of the patient’s living longer, representing the damage of reduced possibilities of survival, also called loss-of-chance damage. Conclusions: The case discussed as court advisors, characterized by clinical and legal complexity, together with SARS-CoV-2 infection, underscores the vital role of forensic examiners in cause-of-death ascertainment and as interpreters of statistical-probabilistic data according to naturalistic, logical, and scientific criteria.
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Evaluation of Short-Term Stability of Different Nitazenes Psychoactive Opioids in Dried Blood Spots by Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Anno: 2024
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Vitrano, Alessandro; Di Giorgi, Alessandro; Abbate, Vincenzo; Basile, Giuseppe; La Maida, Nunzia; Pichini, Simona; Di Trana, Annagiulia
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344005
Citazioni:
Evaluation of Short-Term Stability of Different Nitazenes Psychoactive Opioids in Dried Blood Spots by Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry / Vitrano, A., Di Giorgi, A., Abbate, V., Basile, G., La Maida, N., Pichini, S., Di Trana, A.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. - ISSN 1422-0067. - 25:22(2024). [10.3390/ijms252212332]
Abstract:
Nitazenes represent a new synthetic opioids sub-class belonging to new psychoactive substances (NPSs). Their high pharmacological potency has led to numerous intoxications and fatalities, even at minimum doses. The aim of this study was to assess the stability of four nitazenes (etazene, flunitazene..., isotonitazene and protonitazene) in dried blood spot (DBS) samples at different storage temperatures (room temperature and 4 °C) and determine the optimal storage conditions. Moreover, we developed and validated a new and fast liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry method by the optimization of chromatographic conditions with the use of a different chromatographic column and mobile phases. Two concentrations, 1 and 5 ng/mL, were chosen based on the available data on nitazenes-related intoxications and their stability was evaluated at days 0 (control), 1, 7 and 30. The results showed that all analytes at 1 ng/mL were not detectable after 30 days at room temperature; a similar pattern was observed for 1 ng/mL etazene and isotonitazene samples when stored at 4 °C, whereas flunitazene and protonitazene decreased to a mean of 66% and 69% initial concentrations, respectively, at day 30. Differently, all analytes at 5 ng/mL were quantified above 44% and 41% initial concentrations at room temperature and 4 °C, respectively, showing a higher stability. The study of nitazenes stability in DBSs represents an important tool to determine the optimal sample storage conditions, such as temperature and time between sample collection and analysis. In contrast to another study, our study showed distinct stability behaviors for every investigated analyte, which also depended on the concentration. Therefore, it is difficult to define an optimal storage condition acceptable for all nitazenes. Room temperature proved to be the best medium- and long-term storage conditions for the highest concentrations, but the stability of low levels of flunitazene and protonitazene improved at 4 °C.
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Enantioselective separation techniques in forensic analysis and clinical toxicology
Anno: 2024
Rivista: TRAC. TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Autori/autrici: Busardo', Francesco Paolo; Tini, Anastasio; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Basile, Giuseppe; Farkas, Tivadar; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344057
Citazioni:
Enantioselective separation techniques in forensic analysis and clinical toxicology / Busardo', F.P., Tini, A., Lo Faro, A.F., Basile, G., Farkas, T., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: TRAC. TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - ISSN 0165-9936. - 175:(2024). [10.1016/j.trac.2024.117733]
Abstract:
Enantioselective analysis is more demanding compared to non-enantioselective one from the viewpoint of time, effort and resources. At the same time if correctly designed it may bring additional information and value to forensic scientists and clinical toxicologists. This short overview describes dif...ficulties versus the added value of enantioselective separations in forensic analysis and clinical toxicology. The specific requirements of enantioselective analytical methods as applied to forensic analysis are summarized in this review and the various separation techniques that such methods are based on are compared to each other from the perspective of forensic analysis. In the final part, the current challenges in this field are shortly reviewed and future trends are highlighted.
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Is there such a thing as an indispensable skills profile to be a good doctor? "Life skills" as essential capabilities in the medicoforensic professions
Anno: 2024
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Marinelli, S; Bolcato, V; Tronconi, L P
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345555
Citazioni:
Is there such a thing as an indispensable skills profile to be a good doctor? "Life skills" as essential capabilities in the medicoforensic professions / Basile, G., Marinelli, S., Bolcato, V., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 175:1(2024), pp. 17-19. [10.7417/CT.2024.5028]
Abstract:
This writing aims to convey the essential nature and features of a cultural tool based on a set of skills and capabilities generally referred to as “life skills”, which allow for the proper management (in the medical and medical-forensic professional realms) of daily situations in an eff...ective and rewarding fashion. Such a process is based on individual tools such as communication, problem solving, stress management, self-control, the ability to make timely decisions, empathy, creativity and the opportunity to work in a multidisciplinary setting. Life skills include everything the professional should rely on in order to minimize the risks of a professional error, through the acquisition of knowledge and behavioral traits which constitute the fundamental, experience-based starting point. The chief objective of this commentary is to outline the scope of a straightforward discussion by specifically defining such skills; that in turn will make it possible to identify all the technical issues to address during the medical-diagnostic assessment, also from a medico-legal perspective, in order to frame the residual life skills and evaluate the possibilities of recovery and any disabilities, based on observation and interactions with each patient aimed at weighing their psychophysical performance.
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Consequences of COVID-19 restrictions on adolescent mental health and drug abuse dynamics
Anno: 2024
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, S; Basile, G; De Paola, L; Napoletano, G; Zaami, S
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345557
Citazioni:
Consequences of COVID-19 restrictions on adolescent mental health and drug abuse dynamics / Marinelli, S., Basile, G., De Paola, L., Napoletano, G., Zaami, S.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 2284-0729. - 28:2(2024), pp. 836-851. [10.26355/eurrev_202401_35085]
Abstract:
– The COVID-19 pandemic has hit elderly people the hardest in terms of severity and mortality. However, it is also evident that children and adolescents have been significantly impacted and experienced major disruptions in their lives. The psychological, mental, and developmental repercussions... have been major and have led to a reshaping of drug abuse dynamics and substance addiction. The authors have outlined a narrative review of the major issues affecting adolescents and their mental well-being by clarifying the lingering effects and pandemic aftermath, especially on drug abuse, developmental aspects, and behavioral addiction. The unique traits of adolescent risk factors have been outlined, in order to identify areas to be prioritized for future strategies. Possible repercussions on juvenile crime linked to social estrangedness and disrupted interactions have been briefly explored as well. All such aspects are highly meaningful and relevant from a medicolegal perspective as well. The looming mental health crisis involving youngsters will have to be confronted by fine-tuning and optimizing mental health care services, building on current experiences, raising awareness, and eliminating the stigma that often comes with mental issues. Healthcare systems should look at the current scenario as an opportunity to improve care delivery to eliminate access inequalities and stigmatization of mental issues and raise awareness for the benefit and well-being of all. Similarly, law enforcement, lawmakers, and the judiciary will have to account for such factors, too, as will economic policy-makers. In that regard, a set of defining criteria has been framed in order to provide a degree of objectivity when meeting the unique challenges of the pandemic for youth mental health, in a comprehensive and tailored fashion.
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Peri-implant femoral fractures in elderly: Morbidity, mortality, treatment options and good practices
Anno: 2024
Rivista: CHINESE JOURNAL OF TRAUMATOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Prevot, Luca Bianco; Bolcato, Vittorio; Fozzato, Stefania; Accetta, Riccardo; Basile, Michela; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344002
Citazioni:
Peri-implant femoral fractures in elderly: Morbidity, mortality, treatment options and good practices / Prevot, L.B., Bolcato, V., Fozzato, S., Accetta, R., Basile, M., Tronconi, L.P., Basile, G.. - In: CHINESE JOURNAL OF TRAUMATOLOGY. - ISSN 1008-1275. - 28:6(2024), pp. 497-502. [10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.07.012]
Abstract:
Purpose: Femur fractures are among the most common fractures treated surgically, representing a significant challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. Peri-implant femoral fractures (PIFFs) represent a rare complication of the surgical treatment. It is necessary to pay attention during osteosynthesis, ev...aluating not only the fracture site but the entire femoral skeletal structure, the characteristics of the fracture, the health comorbidities, and the risk of malunion and pseudarthrosis. There are few studies on the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of PIFFs near osteosynthesis. This study aimed to investigate PIFF after osteosynthesis of femoral fractures and evaluate the mortality after surgery and the morbidity associated with these types of fractures. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out at the IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy, between January, 2017 and December, 2022. Inclusion criteria were the presence of a femur fracture around an intramedullary nail to treat a previous fracture, follow-up ≥ 12 months, and patient age ≥ 65 years. Exclusion criterion was intraoperative periprosthetic fractures. The data were expressed as frequency and percentage. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median and range. Results: Overall, 25 patients were enrolled (88.0% female) and the mean age was 84.5 years (range of 70 – 92 years). There were 20 patients having type B PIFF and 5 having type C. In 22 patients, multiple comorbidities were found with an average Charlson comorbidity score of 5.5 and the mean time to peri-implant fracture was 38 months. After surgery, 1 patient (4.0%) presented renal failure, 1 (4.0%) needed removal surgery for their loosening, and 2 (8.0%) presented surgical site infection. Nine patients (36.0%) died within 1 year with a mortality rate of 20. 0% at 30 days, 8.0% at 3 months, and 8.0% at 12 months. Conclusions: PIFFs in elderly patients are associated with high short-term mortality and morbidity, so careful planning for primary fracture surgery and patient awareness to ensure prolonged compliance and a healthy lifestyle are essential for prevention.
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Radial head prosthesis disassembly: case report and medico-legal implications
Anno: 2024
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Zaami, S; Giorgetti, A; Basile, M; Accetta, R; Bianco Prevot, L; Fozzato, S
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349370
Citazioni:
Radial head prosthesis disassembly: case report and medico-legal implications / Basile, G., Zaami, S., Giorgetti, A., Basile, M., Accetta, R., Bianco Prevot, L., Fozzato, S.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 2284-0729. - 28:1(2024), pp. 263-268. [10.26355/eurrev_202401_34912]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The aim of the treatment of radial head comminuted fractures is the restoration of anatomical normalcy to avoid the risk of several complications such as joint instability. Among the options for the treatment of such fractures, it is worth mentioning osteosynthesis, resection of the radi...al head or prosthetic replacement. In the presence of comminution or severe dislocation of the fracture’s fragments, as in our patient’s type III Mason fracture, prosthesis implantation is the treatment of choice. CASE REPORT: This clinical case reports a 22-year-old volleyball player, who during training suffered a comminuted fracture of the radial head, type III according to Mason’s classification. A prosthesis was implanted. The post-operative course took place regularly. However, approximately three months after surgery, the patient experienced sudden pain and functional limitation following a normal elbow extension movement, so much so that he required medical attention in our emergency room. Following all the appropriate clinical-instrumental tests, a complete dissociation of the bipolar prosthesis of the radial head was found. CONCLUSIONS: Our clinical case shows the disassembly of a bipolar radial head prosthesis, a rather rare complication. From a medicolegal perspective, the patients should be aware of the increased risk of requiring further surgery after radial head replacement. When patients are thoroughly informed, they can cooperate and comply with indications more effectively, thus taking an active role in recovery management.
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Radial nerve injuries in humeral fractures: case series and medico-legal implications
Anno: 2024
Rivista: INJURY
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Fozzato, Stefania; Prevot, Luca Bianco; Giorgetti, Arianna; Gallina, Mario; Basile, Michela; Accetta, Riccardo; Colombo, Massimiliano; Calori, Giorgio Maria; Leigheb, Massimiliano; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344006
Citazioni:
Radial nerve injuries in humeral fractures: case series and medico-legal implications / Basile, G., Fozzato, S., Prevot, L.B., Giorgetti, A., Gallina, M., Basile, M., Accetta, R., Colombo, M., Calori, G.M., Leigheb, M., Zaami, S.. - In: INJURY. - ISSN 0020-1383. - 55:(2024). [10.1016/j.injury.2024.111497]
Abstract:
Introduction: Radial nerve injury following humeral fracture is the most common peripheral nerve injury associated with long bone fractures. The purpose of this study is to analyse our treatment protocols and long-term outcomes of humeral fractures associated with radial nerve injury which were surg...ically treated at the I.R.C.C.S. Orthopaedic Institute Galeazzi (Milan, Italy). Materials and Methods: The study was designed to evaluate retrospectively 30 patients, 15 men and 15 women, affected by humeral fracture associated with radial nerve palsy, treated at Orthopaedic Institute Galeazzi (Milan, Italy) from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2022. Radial nerve injury was diagnosed based on the clinical evaluations of the neurological deficit. The cases were analyzed for any documented sensory impairment, wrist extensor weakness and/or finger weakness, with or without a “drop-hand” posture described in the patient's medical record at admission or throughout the hospital stay. Patients with pathological humeral shaft fractures were excluded. All patients, accounted for the study, were operated under general anaesthesia, and no peripheral nerve block was performed. Results: The treatment of this clinical condition represents a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Most patients (86.7%, 26 patients) experienced total recovery of the radial nerve function during the follow-up period, whereas only 4 patients achieved a partial nerve function recovery, with lingering weakness when extending the fingers. Conclusions: The chronic outcomes arising from surgical treatment of the humeral fracture with related radial nerve injury can lead to impairment sequelae of greater clinical-functional significance, with possible medico-legal implications. Radial nerve injury constitutes one of the most common complications arising from humeral fracture. The course of the nerve and its close relationship with the humerus are likely to entail a high risk of injury with shaft fractures. A treatment algorithm should be recommended for the management of radial nerve injury associated with humeral shaft fracture.
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Human metabolism of four synthetic benzimidazole opioids: isotonitazene, metonitazene, etodesnitazene, and metodesnitazene
Anno: 2024
Rivista: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Taoussi, Omayema; Berardinelli, Diletta; Zaami, Simona; Tavoletta, Francesco; Basile, Giuseppe; Kronstrand, Robert; Auwärter, Volker; Busardò, Francesco P.; Carlier, Jeremy
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/328651
Citazioni:
Human metabolism of four synthetic benzimidazole opioids: isotonitazene, metonitazene, etodesnitazene, and metodesnitazene / Taoussi, O., Berardinelli, D., Zaami, S., Tavoletta, F., Basile, G., Kronstrand, R., Auwärter, V., Busardò, F.P., Carlier, J.. - In: ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5761. - 98:7(2024), pp. 2101-2116. [10.1007/s00204-024-03735-0]
Abstract:
Following isotonitazene scheduling in 2019, the availability of alternative 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioids (nitazenes) on the global drug market increased, resulting in many fatalities worldwide. Nitazenes are potent µ-opioid receptor agonists with strong narcotic/analgesic effects, and their c...oncentrations in biological matrices are low, making the detection of metabolite biomarkers of consumption crucial to document use in clinical and forensic settings. However, there is little to no data on the metabolism of the most recently available nitazenes, especially desnitro-analogues. The aim of the research was to assess isotonitazene, metonitazene, etodesnitazene, and metodesnitazene human metabolism and identify specific metabolite biomarkers of consumption. The four analogues were incubated with 10-donor-pooled human hepatocytes, and the incubates were analyzed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and data mining with Compound Discoverer (Thermo Scientific); the analysis was supported by in silico metabolite predictions with GLORYx open-access software. Metabolites were identified in postmortem blood and/or urine samples from two metonitazene-positive and three etodesnitazene-positive cases following the same workflow, with and without glucuronide hydrolysis in urine, to confirm in vitro results. Twelve, nine, twenty-two, and ten metabolites were identified for isotonitazene, metonitazene, etodesnitazene, and metodesnitazene, respectively. The main transformations were N-deethylation at the N,N-diethylethanamine side chain, O-dealkylation, and further O-glucuronidation. In vitro and autopsy results were consistent, demonstrating the efficacy of the 10-donor-pooled human hepatocyte model to predict human metabolism. We suggest the parent and the corresponding O-dealkyl- and N-deethyl-O-dealkyl metabolites as biomarkers of exposure in urine after glucuronide hydrolysis, and the corresponding N-deethyl metabolite as additional biomarker in blood.
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Litigation in Cardiovascular Surgery: Risk Management Considerations in the Italian Context
Anno: 2024
Rivista: SURGERIES
Autori/autrici: Bolcato, Vittorio; Speziale, Giuseppe; Savini, Carlo; Mikus, Elisa; Basile, Giuseppe; Tronconi, Livio Pietro
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344004
Citazioni:
Litigation in Cardiovascular Surgery: Risk Management Considerations in the Italian Context / Bolcato, V., Speziale, G., Savini, C., Mikus, E., Basile, G., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: SURGERIES. - ISSN 2673-4095. - 5:4(2024), pp. 1072-1083. [10.3390/surgeries5040086]
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Malpractice in cardiovascular surgery was addressed from the forensic pathology perspective, offering reflections on risk prevention in the Italian context. Litigation and risk management in healthcare, following the Italian law on safety of care, clinical risk management and ...professional liability, should be viewed in an integrated manner. Methods: We conducted a narrative review on litigation data and the principal areas of complaint in Italy regarding the cardiovascular field. The aim is to discuss human, communicative, organisational, technological and regulatory factors that may play a role in this phenomenon. Results: We discuss the importance of information and consent and the management and monitoring of competences, particularly in specialised activities, given the current human capital deficit. Furthermore, we focus on the centrality of the surgical indication focusing on benefit-risk balance in light of clinical guidelines and team-based evaluation, such as by an emergency heart team, to better tailor care to patients. At the facility level, the minimum volume of activity and the requirements for human resources, specialisations, technologies and organisation standards needed for health activity authorisation are highlighted as foundational to risk prevention. Furthermore, we discussed the availability of the minimum diagnostic and care tools in compliance with guidelines and the role of company clinical and organisational protocols. Conclusions: In the surgical, time-sensitive, highly specialised and technologically advanced sector, the importance of enterprise risk prevention and broad, value-based governance to ensure healthcare quality and safety is emphasised.
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Synchronous Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Hip: An Integrated Perspective on Physiotherapeutic Support
Anno: 2024
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Bianco Prevot, L; Tronconi, L P; Basile, M; Ciccarelli, A; Bolcato, V
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349366
Citazioni:
Synchronous Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Hip: An Integrated Perspective on Physiotherapeutic Support / Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Tronconi, L.P., Basile, M., Ciccarelli, A., Bolcato, V.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 175:4(2024), pp. 216-218. [10.7417/CT.2024.5066]
Abstract:
Primary synovial chondromatosis of the hip is a rare joint condition characterized by the abnormal proliferation of cartilaginous tissue within the synovial membrane, which leads to the formation of clusters of chondrocytes floating in the joint space. This commentary provides a comprehensive overvi...ew of the pathology, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options and long-term management. Patients with primary synovial chondromatosis complaint pain and functional impairment, together with a peculiar joint popping sensation during movement, so determining early disability. The early treatment can lead to better clinical outcomes, with increased preservation of joint function and reduced risk of long-term disability, but strictly depend on symptoms acknowledgement and proper imaging interpretation. As a chronic pathology, surgical approach must necessarily be part of a larger medical and rehabilitative care planning, with long period follow-up. Multidisciplinary team management, with the active involvement of the patient is pivotal in improving the clinical outcomes and quality of life.
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Separation of undeuterated and partially deuterated enantioisotopologues of some amphetamine derivatives on achiral and polysaccharide-based chiral columns in high-performance liquid chromatography
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
Autori/autrici: Kobidze, Giorgi; Sprega, Giorgia; Daziani, Gloria; Balloni, Aurora; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Farkas, Tivadar; Peluso, Paola; Basile, Giuseppe; Busardò, Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327472
Citazioni:
Separation of undeuterated and partially deuterated enantioisotopologues of some amphetamine derivatives on achiral and polysaccharide-based chiral columns in high-performance liquid chromatography / Kobidze, G., Sprega, G., Daziani, G., Balloni, A., Lo Faro, A.F., Farkas, T., Peluso, P., Basile, G., Busardò, F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A. - ISSN 0021-9673. - 1718:(2024). [10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464709]
Abstract:
The different behavior of enantiomers of chiral compounds in non-isotropic environments (among them in living organism) is well known. On the other hand, the importance of a kinetic isotope effect in the biomedical field has become evident during past few decades. Thus, separation of both, enantiome...rs and isotopologues is now critical. Only very few published studies have attempted the simultaneous separation of enantioisotopologues. In this article we report baseline separation of partially deuterated isotopologues of a few amphetamine derivatives in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using achiral columns. In addition, the simultaneous separations of enantiomers and isotopologues (i.e. enantioisotopologues) were attempted on polysaccharide-based chiral columns. For several compounds the isotope effect was tunable and could be switched from a "normal" to "inverse" by making changes to the mobile-phase composition. A stronger isotope effect was observed in acetonitrile-containing mobile phases compared to methanol-containing ones with both chiral and achiral columns. In a separation system where both "normal" and "inverse" isotope effects were observed the "normal" isotope effect was favored in polar organic solvents while increasing content of the aqueous component in the reversed-phase (RP) mobile phase favored an "inverse" isotope effect. This observation indicates that polar, hydrogen bonding-type noncovalent interactions are involved in the "normal" isotope effect, while apolar hydrophobic-type interactions are mostly responsible for the "inverse" isotope effect.
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Enabling true decision making through personalized informed consent: omne ignotum pro terribili
Anno: 2024
Rivista: CHIRURGIA
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349371
Citazioni:
Enabling true decision making through personalized informed consent: omne ignotum pro terribili / Basile, G.. - In: CHIRURGIA. - ISSN 0394-9508. - 37:2(2024), pp. 55-56. [10.23736/s0394-9508.23.05665-6]

The State-of-the-Art of Mycobacterium chimaera Infections and the Causal Link with Health Settings: A Systematic Review
Anno: 2024
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Bolcato, Vittorio; Bassetti, Matteo; Basile, Giuseppe; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Speziale, Giuseppe; Tremoli, Elena; Maffessanti, Francesco; Tronconi, Livio Pietro
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349373
Citazioni:
The State-of-the-Art of Mycobacterium chimaera Infections and the Causal Link with Health Settings: A Systematic Review / Bolcato, V., Bassetti, M., Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Speziale, G., Tremoli, E., Maffessanti, F., Tronconi, L.P.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 12:17(2024). [10.3390/healthcare12171788]
Abstract:
Background. A definition of healthcare-associated infections is essential also for the attribution of the restorative burden to healthcare facilities in case of harm and for clinical risk management strategies. Regarding M. chimaera infections, there remains several issues on the ecosystem and patho...genesis. We aim to review the scientific evidence on M. chimaera beyond cardiac surgery, and thus discuss its relationship with healthcare facilities. (2) Methods. A systematic review was conducted on PubMed and Web of Science on 7 May 2024 according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting systematic reviews, including databases searches with the keyword “Mycobacterium chimaera”. Article screening was conducted by tree authors independently. The criterion for inclusion was cases that were not, or were improperly, consistent with the in-situ deposition of aerosolised M. chimaera. (3) Results. The search yielded 290 eligible articles. After screening, 34 articles (377 patients) were included. In five articles, patients had undergone cardiac surgery and showed musculoskeletal involvement or disseminated infection without cardiac manifestations. In 11 articles, respiratory specimen reanalyses showed M. chimaera. Moreover, 10 articles reported lung involvement, 1 reported meninges involvement, 1 reported skin involvement, 1 reported kidney involvement after transplantation, 1 reported tendon involvement, and 1 reported the involvement of a central venous catheter; 3 articles reported disseminated cases with one concomitant spinal osteomyelitis. (4) Conclusions. The scarce data on environmental prevalence, the recent studies on M. chimaera ecology, and the medicalised sample selection bias, as well as the infrequent use of robust ascertainment of sub-species, need to be weighed up. The in-house aerosolization, inhalation, and haematogenous spread deserve experimental study, as M. chimaera cardiac localisation could depend to transient bacteraemia. Each case deserves specific ascertainment before tracing back to the facility, even if M. chimaera represents a core area for healthcare facilities within a framework of infection prevention and control policies.
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Cutting Periprosthetic Infection Rate: Staphylococcus aureus Decolonization as a Mandatory Procedure in Preoperative Knee and Hip Replacement Care—Insights from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of More Than 50,000 Patients
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Bianco Prevot, Luca; Tansini, Luca; Riccardo, Accetta; Bolcato, Vittorio; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348889
Citazioni:
Cutting Periprosthetic Infection Rate: Staphylococcus aureus Decolonization as a Mandatory Procedure in Preoperative Knee and Hip Replacement Care—Insights from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of More Than 50,000 Patients / Bianco Prevot, L., Tansini, L., Riccardo, A., Bolcato, V., Tronconi, L.P., Basile, G.. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 13:14(2024). [10.3390/jcm13144197]
Abstract:
Background: No consensus in the literature has been found about the necessity of implementing a decolonization screening protocol for Staphylococcus aureus in patients who undergo prosthesis implantation of the knee (TKA) or of the hip (THA), with the aim of reducing periprosthetic infections (PJIs).... Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase in April 2024. Studies conducted on patients who underwent a TKA or THA and who followed a screening and decolonization protocol from S. aureus were included. The benefits of implementing this protocol were evaluated through the number of infections overall caused by S. aureus and other pathogens. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using Cochrane guidelines. Results: A total of 922 articles were evaluated, and of these, 12 were included in the study for a total of 56,930 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed a reduced risk of overall PJI (p = 0.002), PJI caused by S. aureus (p < 0.0001), and PJI caused by MRSA (p < 0.0001) and highlighted no differences between the two groups in the onset of a PJI caused by other bacteria (p = 0.50). Conclusions: This study showed that the screening and decolonization of S. aureus in patients undergoing THA or THA procedures reduced the risk of a PJI. The screening and decolonization protocol for this kind of patient represents an important procedure for the safety of the patient and in social-economic and medico-legal terms.
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Macroscopic and Microscopic Cerebral Findings in Drug and Alcohol Abusers: The Point of View of the Forensic Pathologist
Anno: 2024
Rivista: BIOMEDICINES
Autori/autrici: Montana, A; Alfieri, L; Neri, M; Piano, D; Renier, E; Marti, M; Palpacelli, M; Basile, G; Tossetta, G; Busardo', Francesco Paolo
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348872
Citazioni:
Macroscopic and Microscopic Cerebral Findings in Drug and Alcohol Abusers: The Point of View of the Forensic Pathologist / Montana, A., Alfieri, L., Neri, M., Piano, D., Renier, E., Marti, M., Palpacelli, M., Basile, G., Tossetta, G., Busardo', F.P.. - In: BIOMEDICINES. - ISSN 2227-9059. - 12:3(2024). [10.3390/biomedicines12030681]
Abstract:
Drug abuse still represents a significant challenge for forensic pathologists; it must always be considered during the autopsy examination when the brain morphological alterations observed are not characteristic of any known disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Nonetheless, no specific brain... lesions had been found to characterize the precise drug that caused the poisoning. In fact, a broad spectrum of changes affecting the CNS are seen in drug abusers. Thus, forensic pathology plays a key role in identifying the encephalic morphological alterations underlying the death. The aim of this review is to present an updated overview of the literature regarding the correlation between the main substances of abuse and the morphological alterations of the CNS to help the forensic pathologist to discriminate drug-induced alterations of the brain. The authors used the PRISMA criteriology to perform the bibliographic search for the present review. Among the articles identified according to the selected search criteria, 116 articles were chosen which allow us to define a picture of the main macroscopic and microscopic alterations of the brain in drug abuse.
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Access to medically-assisted procreation: the withdrawal of paternal consent in the maze of law n. 40/2004
Anno: 2024
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Napoletano, G; Circosta, F; Basile, G
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349368
Citazioni:
Access to medically-assisted procreation: the withdrawal of paternal consent in the maze of law n. 40/2004 / Napoletano, G., Circosta, F., Basile, G.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 175:3(2024). [10.7417/CT.2024.5057]
Abstract:
The law (No.40/2004) stipulates that consent to Medically Assisted Procreation (MAP) remains irrevocable post ovum fertilization. Cryo-preservation introduces complexities, enabling embryo implantation requests after a couple's separation and the dissolution of the original parenthood plan. Con...stitutional Court Ruling No.161 in 2023 affirmed that the prohibition of revoking consent to MAP aligns with the Italian Constitution and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. This delicate equilibrium of conflicting interests upholds human freedom, allowing consent revocation prior to ovocyte fertilization. Permitting revocation until implantation could inflict more significant harm: the infertile woman can in fact miss the opportunity to become a mother, impacting her psychophysical well-being and freedom of self-determination. Moreover, the embryo loses the chance to live, remaining in cryopreservation, which violates its dignity. Addressing this issue requires thorough communication by medical profession-als to inform couples about the limitations on consent revocation. An element of objectivity in terms of standards and evidence-based guidelines, from which norms must originate, is of utmost importance. Relying on broadly shared rules, especially at the international level, is vital in light of the unremitting scientific advances in MAP, as in other areas of medicine, which will open up new opportunities for which current legal/regulatory frameworks are inadequate.
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Diagnostic Methods in Forensic Pathology: Autoptic Findings and Immunohistochemical Study in Cases of Sudden Death Due to a Colloid Cyst of the Third Ventricle
Anno: 2024
Rivista: DIAGNOSTICS
Autori/autrici: Montana, Angelo; Busardò, Francesco Paolo; Tossetta, Giovanni; Goteri, Gaia; Castaldo, Pasqualina; Basile, Giuseppe; Bambagiotti, Giulia
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327671
Citazioni:
Diagnostic Methods in Forensic Pathology: Autoptic Findings and Immunohistochemical Study in Cases of Sudden Death Due to a Colloid Cyst of the Third Ventricle / Montana, A., Busardò, F.P., Tossetta, G., Goteri, G., Castaldo, P., Basile, G., Bambagiotti, G.. - In: DIAGNOSTICS. - ISSN 2075-4418. - 14:1(2024). [10.3390/diagnostics14010100]
Abstract:
The colloid cyst is a non-malignant tumor growth made of a gelatinous material covered by a membrane of epithelial tissue. It is usually located posterior to the foramen of Monro, in the anterior aspect of the third ventricle of the brain. Due to its location, it can cause obstructive hydrocephalus,... increased intracranial pressure, and sudden cardiac death, catecholamine-mediated, through hypothalamus compression. All the mechanisms are still controversial, but the role of catecholamine has been confirmed with histological findings that highlighted myocardial injury (coagulative myocytolysis and contraction band necrosis, CBN). This study presents a case of sudden death in a previously healthy 22-year-old male due to a colloid cyst of the third ventricle. A complete autopsy was performed, highlighting in the brain an abundant quantity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a 2 cm pale grayish-green rounded cyst formation partially filling and distending the third ventricle. The diagnosis was confirmed through immunohistochemical investigation: positivity for Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and CK7 expression. In cases such as the one reported here, a combined approach of autopsy, histology, and immunohistochemistry is mandatory in order to identify the neoformation's location and morpho-structural characteristics for a correct differential diagnosis, as well as to identify the cause of death.
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A green analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 17 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human serum and semen by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
Autori/autrici: Di Giorgi, A.; Basile, G.; Bertola, F.; Tavoletta, F.; Busardo, F. P.; Tini, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/331314
Citazioni:
A green analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 17 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human serum and semen by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) / Di Giorgi, A., Basile, G., Bertola, F., Tavoletta, F., Busardo, F.P., Tini, A.. - In: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS. - ISSN 0731-7085. - 246:(2024). [10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116203]
Abstract:
The ubiquity of perfluoroalkyl substances has raised concerns about the unintended consequences of PFAS exposure on human health. In the present study, an eco-friendly ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determinatio...n of 17 PFAS in human serum and semen samples. QuEChERS salts MgSO4:NaCl 4:1 (w/w) were used for the extraction. The separation of analytes was performed on an ACQUITY BEH C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), using water:methanol 95:5 and methanol as mobile phases A and B, respectively, both containing 2 mM ammonium acetate. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ion mode was used, selecting two transitions for each analyte, except for perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA). The analytical method was validated according to the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Sciences guidelines and AGREE approach software was used to evaluate the greenness of the method. The developed procedure was applied to the analysis of 10 paired human serum and semen samples, proving the suitability in high throughput laboratories due to the easy preparation and the reduced volume of toxic solvents. Moreover, it allows to perform further investigation on the correlation between serum and semen PFAS concentration, focusing on male reproductive system correlated pathologies, such as male infertility.
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Simultaneous chemo- and enantio-separation of 2-, 3- and 4-chloro-methcatinones by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to oral fluid samples
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
Autori/autrici: Kobidze, Giorgi; Sprega, Giorgia; Balloni, Aurora; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Basile, Giuseppe; Wille, Sarah MR; Farkas, Tivadar; Busardo, Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344055
Citazioni:
Simultaneous chemo- and enantio-separation of 2-, 3- and 4-chloro-methcatinones by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to oral fluid samples / Kobidze, G., Sprega, G., Balloni, A., Lo Faro, A.F., Basile, G., Wille, S.M., Farkas, T., Busardo, F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS. - ISSN 0731-7085. - 248:(2024). [10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116293]
Abstract:
A method of analysis was developed for the simultaneous chemo- and enantioseparation of 2-, 3-, and 4-chloromethcathinones by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. The fast method enables the reliable identification of positional isomers of chloromethcathinones in biologic...al samples. In addition, the same method can be used for the enantioselective quantitative determination of one of these compounds and its major phase-1 metabolites in biological fluids. The developed method was applied to oral fluid samples collected by police during routine random traffic control in Belgium from January to November, 2023. It was found that 3-CMC was more frequently abused compared to 4-CMC. Although some differences were observed between the concentrations of enantiomers in OF, most likely the drugs were abused in the racemic form. No abuse of 2-CMC was detected at the timepoint of sample collection.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Human Metabolism of Ostarine, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator and Doping Agent
Anno: 2024
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Taoussi, Omayema; Bambagiotti, Giulia; Gameli, Prince Sellase; Daziani, Gloria; Tavoletta, Francesco; Tini, Anastasio; Basile, Giuseppe; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Carlier, Jeremy
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/333172
Citazioni:
In Vitro and In Vivo Human Metabolism of Ostarine, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator and Doping Agent / Taoussi, O., Bambagiotti, G., Gameli, P.S., Daziani, G., Tavoletta, F., Tini, A., Basile, G., Lo Faro, A.F., Carlier, J.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. - ISSN 1422-0067. - 25:14(2024). [10.3390/ijms25147807]
Abstract:
Ostarine (enobasarm) is a selective androgen receptor modulator with great therapeutic potential. However, it is also used by athletes to promote muscle growth and enhance performances without the typical adverse effects of anabolic steroids. Ostarine popularity increased in recent years, and it is ...currently the most abused "other anabolic agent" (subclass S1.2. of the "anabolic agents" class S1) from the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) prohibited list. Several cases of liver toxicity were recently reported in regular users. Detecting ostarine or markers of intake in biological matrices is essential to document ostarine use in doping. Therefore, we sought to investigate ostarine metabolism to identify optimal markers of consumption. The substance was incubated with human hepatocytes, and urine samples from six ostarine-positive cases were screened. Analyses were performed via liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) and software-assisted data mining, with in silico metabolite predictions. Ten metabolites were identified with hydroxylation, ether cleavage, dealkylation, O-glucuronidation, and/or sulfation. The production of cyanophenol-sulfate might participate in the mechanism of ostarine liver toxicity. We suggest ostarine-glucuronide (C25H22O9N3F3, diagnostic fragments at m/z 118, 185, and 269) and hydroxybenzonitrile-ostarine-glucuronide (C25H22O10N3F3, diagnostic fragments at m/z 134, 185, and 269) in non-hydrolyzed urine and ostarine and hydroxybenzonitrile-ostarine (C19H14O4N3F3, diagnostic fragments at m/z 134, 185, and 269) in hydrolyzed urine as markers to document ostarine intake in doping.
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State of the Art in Rehabilitation Strategies After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Monselli, Claudio; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Tronconi, Livio Pietro; Bolcato, Vittorio; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344003
Citazioni:
State of the Art in Rehabilitation Strategies After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Systematic Review / Monselli, C., Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V., Basile, G.. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 13:23(2024). [10.3390/jcm13237302]
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common cause of hip pain in athletes and active individuals, often requiring hip arthroscopy followed by a structured rehabilitation program. Effective rehabilitation is crucial for optimizing surgical outcomes and facilitating a return ...to sport. Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to evaluate post-operative rehabilitation protocols after hip arthroscopy for FAI. Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on studies documenting rehabilitation post-arthroscopy for FAI, with a final selection of 14 studies encompassing 1105 patients. Data extraction focused on rehabilitation techniques, functional outcomes, and return-to-sport rates. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Results: Rehabilitation protocols were categorized into four phases, emphasizing manual therapy, strengthening, stretching, aquatic exercises, and sport-specific drills. The average return-to-sport rate was 90.3%. Manual therapy and aquatic programs were critical in early recovery, while strengthening and proprioception exercises were central to later stages. Variability in protocols across studies was noted. Conclusions: Post-operative rehabilitation following hip arthroscopy for FAI is essential for recovery. A phased, individualized approach, integrating manual therapy, aquatic exercises, and sport-specific training, yields positive outcomes. However, the heterogeneity of protocols suggests the need for standardized guidelines tailored to individual patient needs and activity levels.
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Investigation of stereochemical stability of 2-, 3- and 4-chloromethcathinones in various biological matrixes
Anno: 2024
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
Autori/autrici: Jorbenadze, Saba; Giunashvili, Lasha; Khatiashvili, Tamar; Chelidze, Aluda; Tkemaladze, Vazha; Sprega, Giorgia; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Basile, Giuseppe; Farkas, Tivadar; Busardo, Francesco Paolo; Chankvetadze, Bezhan
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344054
Citazioni:
Investigation of stereochemical stability of 2-, 3- and 4-chloromethcathinones in various biological matrixes / Jorbenadze, S., Giunashvili, L., Khatiashvili, T., Chelidze, A., Tkemaladze, V., Sprega, G., Lo Faro, A.F., Basile, G., Farkas, T., Busardo, F.P., Chankvetadze, B.. - In: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS. - ISSN 0731-7085. - 249:(2024). [10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116350]
Abstract:
The stereochemical stability of the popular drugs of abuse 2-, 3- and 4-chloromethcathinone was studied in the mobile phase used for the isolation of their enantiomers by high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as in various biological matrixes such as whole blood, saliva and urine. For 2-, ...3-, and 4-chloromethcathinones the rate constants and half-lives of their first order racemization reaction was assessed. It was found that at 25 °C the racemization rate constant decreases in the order 2-CMC > 3-CMC > 4-CMC while their stereochemical stability in biological matrixes decreases in the order urine > saliva > whole blood. This information must be considered for the adequate storage of purified enantiomers in the collected fractions, as well as in the studies focused on their enantioselective transformation in the human body.
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EN: Medico-legal evaluation of a claim for Dupuytren's disease treatment: indication for surgery based on best evidence
Anno: 2024
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Bianco Prevot, L; Ciccarelli, A; Tronconi, L P; Bolcato, V
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/344009
Citazioni:
EN: Medico-legal evaluation of a claim for Dupuytren's disease treatment: indication for surgery based on best evidence / Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Ciccarelli, A., Tronconi, L.P., Bolcato, V.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 175:5(2024), pp. 333-336. [10.7417/CT.2024.5138]
Abstract:
Background. Dupuytren’s disease (DD) is a chronic and progressive fibroproliferative disease consisting of the progressive pathological fibrosis of the palmar fascia leading to permanent flexion and deficit of extension, with marked deformity and severe disability. Among treatment options, con...servative and infiltrative therapies, physiotherapy, or surgery, with less invasive surgical options, are reported. The therapeutic planning, shared with the patient, must consider the severity of the disease, surgical risks, the functional, aesthetic, and occupational consequences, and the risk of recurrence. Case report. We describe a complicated clinical case that led her to a claim for compensation under presumed medical professional liability profiles. A female patient, 32-years-old, suffering from early symptomatic DD in the left non-dominant hand, underwent to palmar fasciotomy complicated by severe paraesthesia. In the re-surgery, vascular and nerve injury was found, leading to permanent disabling sequelae. Discussion. The early stage of DD, although symptomatic, without previous medical or infiltrative therapy, in a young subject with insulin-dependent diabetes and a high risk of recurrence contraindicated the surgical approach, especially palmar fasciotomy, according to the best evidence. The vascular-nervous lesion in the hand palm indicated a censurable surgical execution technique. The technical consultation ascertained the causal relationship between impairments and surgical malpractice, followed by compensation. Conclusion. The analysis of this case highlights the value of informed clinical practice to provide optimal care and mitigate the risks associated with the management of DD. The choice of possible treatment options must be tailored to the patient in accordance with the best evidence.
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Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh lesions of iatrogenic nature: from the anatomical insidiousness to the evaluation of the medical responsibility
Anno: 2023
Rivista: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS
Autori/autrici: Bruno, Maurilio; Bruno, Jolanda M.; Amadei, Federico; Passeri, Alberto; Giorgetti, Arianna; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349361
Citazioni:
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh lesions of iatrogenic nature: from the anatomical insidiousness to the evaluation of the medical responsibility / Bruno, M., Bruno, J.M., Amadei, F., Passeri, A., Giorgetti, A., Basile, G.. - In: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS. - ISSN 2784-8469. - 74:2(2023), pp. 87-92. [10.23736/s2784-8469.23.04248-7]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Lateral cutaneous of the thigh nerve lesion is a rare and old pathology. However, it is a returning disease, because the frequency of the nerve lesion is related to the development of surgical procedures of the hip and pelvis (e.g., ankle arthroprostesis by anterior approach), and of the... abdominal surgery (e.g., inguinal hernioplasty). METHODS: There is a need to diagnose the lesion and to establish the various therapeutic possibilities of nerve reconstruction. The authors present our multicenter series of cases. RESULTS: The causes of the injury and the clinical interpretation and the professional responsibilities from the medical legal point of view are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of the not negligible recurrence of injuries to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh during hip replacement operations, carried out anteriorly, and inguinal hernioplasty, the medico legal aspects of this nerve lesions are very important.
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Current surgical concepts and medicolegal aspects on rhizoarthrosis
Anno: 2023
Rivista: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE
Autori/autrici: Amadei, Federico; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349374
Citazioni:
Current surgical concepts and medicolegal aspects on rhizoarthrosis / Amadei, F., Basile, G.. - In: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE. - ISSN 0393-3660. - 182:10(2023), pp. 743-748. [10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05222-1]
Abstract:
Arthrosis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is one of the most frequent degenerative pathologies of the wrist and the hand. This pathology presents a slow evolution mainly characterized by pain, which is associated with joint deformities and consequent functional limitations. The severity of the disea...se can be assessed according to the classification of Eaton. In cases where conservative treatment (pharmacological therapy, infiltration therapy, physical and rehabilitative therapies) has not had positive effects on pain and joint function, it will be necessary to plan surgical treatment. The aim of our article was to analyze the possible surgical indications and the most used procedures in the treatment of rhizoarthrosis, with particular attention to the potential risks and related medico-legal implications.
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The physiological and pathological cause in the definition of the compensation for traumatic knee pathology: forensic medicine perspective
Anno: 2023
Rivista: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Fozzato, Stefania; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Passeri, Alberto; Accetta, Riccardo; Amadei, Federico; Gallina, Mario; Montana, Angelo; Leigheb, Massimiliano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349356
Citazioni:
The physiological and pathological cause in the definition of the compensation for traumatic knee pathology: forensic medicine perspective / Basile, G., Fozzato, S., Bianco Prevot, L., Passeri, A., Accetta, R., Amadei, F., Gallina, M., Montana, A., Leigheb, M.. - In: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE. - ISSN 0393-3660. - 182:11(2023), pp. 841-849. [10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05307-x]
Abstract:
In defining compensation for traumatic knee pathology, a correct medico-legal evaluation judgment must consider a complete anamnestic reconstruction not separated from the biomechanical context of the accident dynamics and of the harmful efficacy, a deep knowledge of the relationship of the legal co...ntract, objective semiotic investigations and a careful interpretation of the instrumental investigations carried out by the insured. Alongside the borderline cases, in which diagnostic imaging may be sufficient to demonstrate the pre-existence of the lesion, there are numerous situations in which the iconographic data may be misleading if not subjected to accurate medico-legal analysis. The authors note that the definition of risk must include the deterioration of natural and non-pathological organ-tissue structures, and the physical conditions relating to the physiological or paraphysiological sphere which may have had a merely potential role in contributing to the lesion do not preclude compensation.
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Monteggia fracture associated with ipsilateral intercondylar distal humeral fracture with posterior interosseous nerve palsy: case report, medico-legal implications, and methodological assessment analysis
Anno: 2023
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Basile, G; Fozzato, S; Bianco Prevot, L; Accetta, R; Ciccarelli, A; Familiari, F; Zaami, S
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349367
Citazioni:
Monteggia fracture associated with ipsilateral intercondylar distal humeral fracture with posterior interosseous nerve palsy: case report, medico-legal implications, and methodological assessment analysis / Basile, G., Fozzato, S., Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Ciccarelli, A., Familiari, F., Zaami, S.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 2284-0729. - 27:12(2023), pp. 5614-5619. [10.26355/eurrev_202306_32800]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The Monteggia fracture, defined as a fracture of the proximal third of the ulnar shaft associated with an anterior or posterior dislocation of the proximal radial epiphysis, is a serious injury accounting for 0.7% of all elbow fractures and dislocations in adults. For adult patients, goo...d results can only be obtained through early diagnosis and adequate surgical treatment. Monteggia fracture-dislocations associated with distal humeral fracture are extremely rare injuries in adults and there are few cases described in the literature. Medico-legal implications arising from such conditions have a host of complexities that cannot be discounted. CASE REPORT: This case report revolves around a patient affected by a type I Monteggia fracture-dislocation, according to the Bado classification, associated with an ipsilateral intercondylar distal humeral fracture. To our knowledge, this combination of lesions has never been reported before in adult patients. A positive result was obtained due to early diagnosis, achievement of anatomical reduction, and optimal stabilization with internal fixation which made it possible to achieve early functional recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Monteggia fracture-dislocations associated with ipsilateral intercondylar distal humeral fracture are extremely rare in adults. In the case herein reported, a favorable outcome was obtained due to early diagnosis, achievement of anatomical reduction and management with internal fixation with plate and screws, as well as early functional training. Misdiagnosis makes such lesions risky in terms of potentially delayed treatment, increasing the need for surgical interventions and the possibility of high-risk complications and disabling sequelae, with possible medico-legal implications. In the case of unrecognized injuries under urgent circumstances, the injuries may become chronic, making the treatment more complex. The ultimate outcomes of a misdiagnosed Monteggia lesion can lead to very serious functional and aesthetic damage.
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COVID-19 and its aftermath, new drivers of infertility?
Anno: 2023
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G.; Billon, V.; Umani Ronchi, F.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349376
Citazioni:
COVID-19 and its aftermath, new drivers of infertility? / Basile, G., Billon, V., Umani Ronchi, F.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 174:4(2023), pp. 343-344. [10.7417/CT.2023.2448]
Abstract:
Law 40/2004, the Italian piece of legislation governing access to assisted reproductive technologies (ART), is relatively young, compared to the number of years that have passed since the first attempts at ART in the world. Still, such a law has undergone several revisions in recent years, mostly by... court rulings, and such changes are indeed necessary in light of the constant evolution in ART innovations. Then, the COVID-19 pandemic struck on a global scale, disrupting virtually all aspects of social and economic life. COVID-19's impact on fertility has to do, although it is not limited to, the distribution and function of ACE2 in the female reproductive system: such receptors are in fact expressed extensively in the ovaries, uterus, vagina and placenta. We point out that overcoming the "demographic winter" Italy has been going through, compounded by the pandemic, will require major adjustments in the way we ensure access to ART services in an equitable, sustainable and affordable fashion for all who wish to fulfill their reproductive potential and have been prevented to do so by legal, regulatory and financial factors.
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Bilateral femur fracture as the first manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report
Anno: 2023
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Fozzato, S; Bianco Prevot, L; Amadei, F; Gallina, M; Ciccarelli, A; Accetta, R; Basile, G
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349359
Citazioni:
Bilateral femur fracture as the first manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report / Fozzato, S., Bianco Prevot, L., Amadei, F., Gallina, M., Ciccarelli, A., Accetta, R., Basile, G.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 174:3(2023), pp. 211-214. [10.7417/CT.2023.2521]
Abstract:
The authors aimed to elaborate on an interesting clinical case of a subject that came to our attention following a low-energy traumatic event, producing a bilateral femur fracture. During the instrumental investigations, findings pointing to multiple myeloma were described, in fact later confirmed b...y the histological and biochemical investigations. In this specific case, unlike manifestations in most patients with MM, the classic correlated pathognomonic symptoms, such as lower back pain, weight loss, recurrent infections, asthenia, were not present. Furthermore, the inflammatory indices, the values of serum calcium, renal function and hemoglobin were completely normal, although numerous bone localizations of disease already coexisted, and these were all unknown to the patient.
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The core notion of euthanasia in its primordial beginnings
Anno: 2023
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G.; De Nina, A.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349384
Citazioni:
The core notion of euthanasia in its primordial beginnings / Basile, G., De Nina, A.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 174:2(2023), pp. 146-147. [10.7417/CT.2023.2511]
Abstract:
This article provides a brief review of the history of euthanasia, which has always been an ethical, social, legal and medical issue. Euthanasia, meaning “good death” refers to the practice of ending a life to relieve pain and distress. The term was already known in ancient Greece, from ...the time of Plato, who advocated the suppression of those who were not healthy “of body and soul”. Completely different was the thinking of Hippocrates, who mentioned it in his oath, laying the foundation for modern medical ethics based on absolute respect for the person and human life. Recognizing the growing interest in the topic, this writing succinctly outlines the historical evolution of the concept of euthanasia limited to its origins.
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Fresh vs. frozen embryo transfer in assisted reproductive techniques: a single center retrospective cohort study and ethical-legal implications
Anno: 2023
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Gullo, G; Basile, G; Cucinella, G; Greco, M E; Perino, A; Chiantera, V; Marinelli, S
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345561
Citazioni:
Fresh vs. frozen embryo transfer in assisted reproductive techniques: a single center retrospective cohort study and ethical-legal implications / Gullo, G., Basile, G., Cucinella, G., Greco, M.E., Perino, A., Chiantera, V., Marinelli, S.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 2284-0729. - 27:14(2023), pp. 6809-6823. [10.26355/eurrev_202307_33152]
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: Several studies have shown higher pregnancy rates and better perinatal outcomes with frozen embryo transfers than with fresh techniques, with better results in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but with a higher rate of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia. This retro...spective cohort study aims to compare the cumulative live birth rates, maternal and neonatal complications of fresh embryo transfers (ET) and frozen-embryo transfers (FET) in infertile women who underwent assisted reproduction techniques (ART) at the Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti (AOOR) Villa Sofia Cervello, Palermo, Italy. In addition, the authors have focused on the legislative and ethical complexities which such a procedure entails. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Out of 475 women undergoing in vitro fertilization programs from January 2017 to January 2021, 128 were enrolled; 70 patients underwent ET, and 58 patients FET. The main outcome measure was live birth rates. Secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, pregnancy loss, low birth weight (LBW), ectopic pregnancy, and obstetrical and perinatal complications. RESULTS: The cumulative live birth rates were similar between the fresh transfer (95.7%) and frozen transfer (93.1%). Biochemical pregnancy rates, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and pregnancy loss were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Obstetrical outcomes were not statistically different between the two groups; a higher preterm delivery rate was reported in the FET group. ET birth weights were notably lower for singletons compared to the freeze-all strategy. ET patients also had higher LBW rates, with a 2.5-fold higher rate compared to FET. No significant differences were found in cumulative live birth rates between ET and FET, which is consistent with earlier studies. FET protocols are linked to higher neonatal birth weight and lower risk of LBW than fresh ET. The ethical and legal quandaries inherent in such techniques, as technology moves on and outpaces current legislative frameworks, cannot be discounted.
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The posterior interosseus artery flap (piaf) in reconstructive surgery of the hand: strategies of use and medico-legal implications
Anno: 2023
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Amadei, F; Fozzato, S; Prevot, L B; Ciccarelli, A; Bruno, M; Basile, G
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349375
Citazioni:
The posterior interosseus artery flap (piaf) in reconstructive surgery of the hand: strategies of use and medico-legal implications / Amadei, F., Fozzato, S., Prevot, L.B., Ciccarelli, A., Bruno, M., Basile, G.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 174:6(2023), pp. 498-499. [10.7417/CT.2023.5016]
Abstract:
Background and aim. The fascio-cutaneous posterior interosseus artery flap (PIAF) is used in hand reconstruction, especially to repair skin or tissue defects such as burn injuries, open fractures, gunshot wounds or traumatic amputations. The aim of this study is to examine the anatomical features of... this flap, to describe the surgical harvesting technique and the difficulties associated with the dissection. Methods. From January 2016 to January 2022, we performed PIAF in 10 patients (3 women and 7 men) with a mean age of 28 years (range 22-44). This flap is taken from the back of the forearm, between the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscle and the extensor digitorum common (EDC) muscle. Results. We analyzed retrospectively our patients indicating the failures of this reconstructive surgery, the complications that have arisen and the results using DASH score with the related clinical and medico-legal implications. Conclusions. Due to its location and structure, PIAF is one of the most versatile fascio-cutaneous flaps in upper limb reconstructive surgery and can be used to reconstruct parts of the hand, wrist, or elbow, allowing to restore limb function and improve the quality of life of patients even if there could be some medico-legal implications.
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Pathological Fracture of the Proximal Humerus Occurred on Metastases of Probable Kidney Origin in the Absence of Primary Lesions: A Case Report
Anno: 2023
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Bianco Prevot, Luca; Fozzato, Stefania; Cannavò, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Amadei, Federico; Basile, Michela; Leigheb, Massimiliano; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349377
Citazioni:
Pathological Fracture of the Proximal Humerus Occurred on Metastases of Probable Kidney Origin in the Absence of Primary Lesions: A Case Report / Bianco Prevot, L., Fozzato, S., Cannavò, L., Accetta, R., Amadei, F., Basile, M., Leigheb, M., Basile, G.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 11:24(2023). [10.3390/healthcare11243108]
Abstract:
Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) origin represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. These tumours spread to different parts of the body even if the site of origin has not been identified. When renal metastases are observed without an obvious primary lesion, it is important to exclude the possi...bility of a primary kidney tumour that may be unknown or too small to be detected. The diagnosis of CUP is established after a careful clinical evaluation and diagnostic tests, including blood chemistry and laboratory tests, instrumental exams (CT, MRI, PET, bone scan), biopsy, and molecular and cytogenetic analysis. Once the diagnosis of CUP with kidney metastases is confirmed, treatment depends on the location of the metastases, the patient’s health status, and available treatment options. The latter includes surgery to remove metastases, radiation therapy, or systemic treatment such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy. It is important that patients with CUP are evaluated by a multidisciplinary team of specialists, who can contribute to planning the most appropriate treatment. In this article, we report the clinical case of a patient with a pathological fracture of the proximal humerus which occurred on metastases of probable renal origin in the absence of primary lesions.
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Beneficial effects of music in the healing process of traumatic injuries: perceptual control of suffering and possible abatement of disability conditions
Anno: 2023
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349381
Citazioni:
Beneficial effects of music in the healing process of traumatic injuries: perceptual control of suffering and possible abatement of disability conditions / Basile, G.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 174:6(2023), pp. 531-536. [10.7417/CT.2023.5021]
Abstract:
Abstract: Numerous scientific studies report that listening to music can beneficially affect physical and mental health, and even expedite the healing process of traumatic conditions. One of the most noteworthy positive effects of music lies in its ability to control stress and anxiety by lowering h...eart rate, blood pressure and blood cortisol levels. Furthermore, music can help improve mood especially in traumatized people who are faced with a wide range of negative emotions, reducing symptoms of depression and stimulating the production of dopamine in the brain, favorably inducing sleep quality, thanks to the their relaxing action. Listening to music can stimulate brain activity and improve short-term memory and concentration, having positive effects on the healing process of traumatic pathologies. Therefore, music should be considered a complementary treatment option for people facing treatment for traumatic pathologies, also stimulating the production of endorphins in the brain and intervening on pain control, resulting in positive effects on the quality of life of the traumatized. Furthermore, music can help people express their emotions and communicate with others, providing a way to connect with the world and share similar experiences, reducing social isolation and improving emotional well-being.
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3D printing in orthopedic surgery
Anno: 2023
Rivista: CHIRURGIA
Autori/autrici: Morda, F.; Basile, G.; Villafane, J. H.; Grassi, F. A.; Leigheb, M.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349379
Citazioni:
3D printing in orthopedic surgery / Morda, F., Basile, G., Villafane, J.H., Grassi, F.A., Leigheb, M.. - In: CHIRURGIA. - ISSN 1827-1782. - 36:6(2023), pp. 384-389. [10.23736/S0394-9508.23.05642-5]
Abstract:
The advent of 3D printing in orthopedics has allowed the creation of patient-specific anatomical models, custom-made implants, surgical guides and even bioprinted tissues. This technology has the potential to revolutionize preoperative planning, surgical simulation, and patient-specific surgery, pro...viding orthopedic surgeons with excellent opportunities to increase the precision, customization, and outcomes of their surgical procedures. This is fundamental especially in complex cases such as pelvic fractures, pediatric orthopedic operations and in oncological surgery. Furthermore, a new technology that arises from 3D printing is 3D bioprinting which allows the creation of three-dimensional biological material that can be used as a scaffold and has the potential to regenerate damaged tissues. However, 3D printing has brought new challenges including patient safety, personal data security, and legal considerations that have not yet been resolved. In conclusion, 3D printing has ushered in a new era of customization and precision in orthopedic surgery, offering surgeons and patients new tools to improve medical care. As technology, materials and knowledge continue to evolve, the future offers even more promising prospects for 3D printing-based orthopedic treatments.
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One-Stage Tricompartmental Hypoallergenic UKA for Tricompartmental Osteoarthritis: A Case Report
Anno: 2023
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Parente, Andrea; Medetti, Marta; Basile, Giuseppe; Parente, Franco
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349385
Citazioni:
One-Stage Tricompartmental Hypoallergenic UKA for Tricompartmental Osteoarthritis: A Case Report / Parente, A., Medetti, M., Basile, G., Parente, F.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 11:22(2023). [10.3390/healthcare11222999]
Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and progressive joint disease. When all three compartments are involved, end-stage OA is treated with a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a primary treatment for isolated osteoarthritis. UKA has a quicker recovery time th...an TKA, as well as less morbidity and more tissue sparing. At the time of surgery, 17% of patients have a tricompartmental disease and most patients with a Kellegren–Lawrence grade >3 have an intact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Conventional TKA sacrifices the ACL. Patients with concurrent medial and lateral osteoarthritis and a functional ACL may receive a primary bi-unicondylar arthroplasty. Combined partial knee arthroplasty (CPKA) is an established practice either in bicompartmental femoro-tibial OA or in OA progression after UKA, with the addition of another UKA. A conversion of a lateral UKA to a tricompartmental joint replacement has been reported in the literature. In our case report, we describe a one-stage hypoallergenic tricompartmental UKA, with improved clinical score and no sign of early failure at the last follow-up.
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Ankle osteoarthritis: current concepts in the treatment
Anno: 2023
Rivista: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE
Autori/autrici: Monzio Compagnoni, Alessandra; Mazzotti, Antonio; Basile, Giuseppe; Grassi, Federico A.; Leigheb, Massimiliano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349360
Citazioni:
Ankle osteoarthritis: current concepts in the treatment / Monzio Compagnoni, A., Mazzotti, A., Basile, G., Grassi, F.A., Leigheb, M.. - In: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE. - ISSN 0393-3660. - 182:11(2023), pp. 850-856. [10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05274-9]
Abstract:
Treatment of ankle osteoarthritis represents a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. recently, interest has been increasing in both nonoperative and alternative operative options. the new functional demands of patients have prompted a focus on both new fields of therapies, like orthobiology, and the ad...vancement of existing treatments. The purpose of this article was to provide an overview of current concepts in literature about the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis. despite the literature showed interesting findings, many controversies remain. In particular, studies with a higher level of evidence and a longer follow-up are needed.
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Periprosthetic joint infection and medico-legal dilemmas: algorithmic approach to diagnosis and strategies for prevention and risk management
Anno: 2023
Rivista: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Fozzato, Stefania; Gallina, Mario; De Nina, Angelo; Tronconi, Livio P.; Accetta, Riccardo; Amadei, Federico; Ciccarelli, Antonello; Leigheb, Massimiliano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349391
Citazioni:
Periprosthetic joint infection and medico-legal dilemmas: algorithmic approach to diagnosis and strategies for prevention and risk management / Basile, G., Bianco Prevot, L., Fozzato, S., Gallina, M., De Nina, A., Tronconi, L.P., Accetta, R., Amadei, F., Ciccarelli, A., Leigheb, M.. - In: GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA. ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE. - ISSN 0393-3660. - 182:11(2023), pp. 826-833. [10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05311-1]
Abstract:
Cases of periprosthetic hip and knee infections are constantly increasing with a parallel increase in legal disputes between patients-surgeons-hospitals. Although it is known that scientific and technological progress to date is not such as to eliminate the septic complications of arthroplasties, in... the medical-forensic field it is know that the infection may be attributable to surgeon errors and/or hygienic-sanitary measures or technological-organizational deficiencies of the hospital structure. By referring to a scheme of clinical, hygienic, and organizational procedures, extracted from the orthopedic scientific literature, it is possible to verify whether in cases of periprosthetic joint infection there is a health liability (medical or of the structure) due to insufficient attention to infection risk factors and/or due to lack of related containment actions. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is still one of the most feared and challenging complications. The aim of this narrative review is to identify possible periprosthetic joint infection prevention strategies which, in our opinion, should be based on a combination of pre-, intra-, and postoperative interventions, aimed at containing the risk of infectious complications in prosthetic surgery of hip and knee.
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Antihypertensive treatment changes and related clinical outcomes in older hospitalized patients
Anno: 2023
Rivista: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Autori/autrici: Cicco, S.; D'Abbondanza, M.; Proietti, M.; Zaccone, V.; Pes, C.; Caradio, F.; Mattioli, M.; Piano, S.; Marra, A. M.; Nobili, A.; Mannucci, P. M.; Pietrangelo, A.; Sesti, G.; Buzzetti, E.; Salzano, A.; Cimellaro, A.; Perticone, F.; Violi, F.; Corazza, G. R.; Corrao, S.; Marengoni, A.; Salerno, F.; Cesari, M.; Tettamanti, M.; Pasina, L.; Franchi, C.; Novella, A.; Miglio, G.; Galbussera, A. A.; Ardoino, I.; Prisco, D.; Silvestri, E.; Emmi, G.; Bettiol, A.; Mattioli, I.; Biolo, G.; Zanetti, M.; Bartelloni, G.; Zaccari, M.; Chiuch, M.; Vanoli, M.; Grignani, G.; Pulixi, E. A.; Pirro, M.; Lupattelli, G.; Bianconi, V.; Alcidi, R.; Giotta, A.; Mannarino, M. R.; Girelli, D.; Busti, F.; Marchi, G.; Barbagallo, M.; Dominguez, L.; Beneduce, V.; Cacioppo, F.; Natoli, G.; Mularo, S.; Raspanti, M.; Argano, C.; Cavallaro, F.; Zoli, M.; Matacena, M. L.; Orio, G.; Magnolfi, E.; Serafini, G.; Simili, A.; Brunori, M.; Lazzari, I.; Cappellini, M. D.; Fabio, G.; De Amicis, M. M.; De Luca, G.; Scaramellini, N.; Di Stefano, V.; Leoni, S.; Seghezzi, S.; Di Mauro, A. D.; Maira, D.; Mancarella, M.; Lucchi, T.; Rossi, P. D.; Clerici, M.; Di Mauro, A. D.; Bonini, G.; Conti, F.; Prolo, S.; Fabrizi, M.; Martelengo, M.; Vigani, G.; Di Sabatino, A.; Miceli, E.; Lenti, M. V.; Pisati, M.; Pitotti, L.; Padula, D.; Antoci, V.; Cambie, G.; Pontremoli, R.; Beccati, V.; Nobili, G.; Leoncini, G.; Alberto, J.; Cattaneo, F.; Anastasio, L.; Sofia, L.; Carbone, M.; Cipollone, F.; Guagnano, M. T.; Rossi, I.; Valeriani, E.; D'Ardes, D.; Esposito, L.; Sestili, S.; Angelucci, E.; Mancuso, G.; Calipari, D.; Bartone, M.; Delitala, G.; Berria, M.; Delitala, A.; Muscaritoli, M.; Molfino, A.; Petrillo, E.; Giorgi, A.; Gracin, C.; Imbimbo, G.; Zuccala, G.; D'Aurizio, G.; Romanelli, G.; Volpini, A.; Lucente, D.; Manzoni, F.; Pirozzi, A.; Zucchelli, A.; Picardi, A.; Gentilucci, U. V.; Gallo, P.; Dell'Unto, C.; Bellelli, G.; Corsi, M.; Antonucci, C.; Sidoli, C.; Principato, G.; Bonfanti, A.; Szabo, H.; Mazzola, P.; Piazzoli, A.; Arturi, F.; Succurro, E.; Tassone, B.; Giofre, F.; Serra, M. G.; Bleve, M. A.; Brucato, A.; De Falco, T.; Negro, E.; Brenna, M.; Trotta, L.; Squintani, G. L.; Randi, M. L.; Fabris, F.; Bertozzi, I.; Bogoni, G.; Rabuini, M. V.; Prandini, T.; Ratti, F.; Zurlo, C.; Cerruti, L.; Cosi, E.; Manfredini, R.; Fabbian, F.; Boari, B.; De Giorgi, A.; Tiseo, R.; Paolisso, G.; Rizzo, M. R.; Catalano, C.; Di Meo, I.; Borghi, C.; Strocchi, E.; Ianniello, E.; Soldati, M.; Schiavone, S.; Bragagni, A.; Leoni, F. G.; De Sando, V.; Scarduelli, S.; Cammarosano, M.; Pareo, I.; Sabba, C.; Vella, F. S.; Suppressa, P.; De Vincenzo, G. M.; Comitangelo, A.; Amoruso, E.; Custodero, C.; Re, G.; Schilardi, A.; Loparco, F.; Fenoglio, L.; Falcetta, A.; Giraudo, A. V.; D'Aniano, S.; Fracanzani, A. L.; Tiraboschi, S.; Cespiati, A.; Oberti, G.; Sigon, G.; Cinque, F.; Peyvandi, F.; Rossio, R.; Colombo, G.; Agosti, P.; Pagliaro, E.; Semproni, E.; Ciro, C.; Monzani, V.; Savojardo, V.; Ceriani, G.; Folli, C.; Pallini, G.; Montecucco, F.; Ottonello, L.; Caserza, L.; Vischi, G.; Kassem, S.; Liberale, L.; Liberato, N. L.; Tognin, T.; Purrello, F.; Di Pino, A.; Piro, S.; Rozzini, R.; Falanga, L.; Pisciotta, M. S.; Bellucci, F. B.; Buffelli, S.; Ferrandina, C.; Mazzeo, F.; Spazzini, E.; Cono, G.; Cesaroni, G.; Montrucchio, G.; Peasso, P.; Favale, E.; Poletto, C.; Margaria, C.; Sanino, M.; Perri, L.; Guasti, L.; Rotunno, F.; Castiglioni, L.; Maresca, A.; Squizzato, A.; Campiotti, L.; Grossi, A.; Diprizio, R. D.; Dentali, F.; Bertolotti, M.; Mussi, C.; Lancellotti, G.; Libbra, M. V.; Galassi, M.; Grassi, Y.; Greco, A.; Bigi, E.; Pellegrini, E.; Orlandi, L.; Dondi, G.; Carulli, L.; Sciacqua, A.; Perticone, M.; Battaglia, R.; Maio, R.; Scozzafava, A.; Condoleo, V.; Falbo, T.; Colangelo, L.; Filice, M.; Clausi, E.; Stanghellini, V.; Ruggeri, E.; Del Vecchio, S.; Benzoni, I.; Salvi, A.; Leonardi, R.; Damiani, G.; Moroncini, G.; Capeci, W.; Martino, G. P.; Biondi, L.; Pettinari, P.; Ormas, M.; Filippini, E.; Benfaremo, D.; Romiti, R.; Ghio, R.; Col, A. D.; Minisola, S.; Colangelo, L.; Cilli, M.; Labbadia, G.; Afeltra, A.; Marigliano, B.; Pipita, M. E.; Castellino, P.; Zanoli, L.; Gennaro, A.; Gaudio, A.; Pignataro, S.; Mete, F.; Gino, M.; Moreo, G.; Pina, G.; Ballestrero, A.; Ferrando, F.; Gonella, R.; Cerminara, D.; Setti, P.; Traversa, C.; Scarsi, C.; Graziella, B.; Baldassarre, S.; Fragapani, S.; Gruden, G.; Berti, F.; Famularo, G.; Tarsitani, P.; Castello, R.; Pasino, M.; Maggio, M. G.; Ceda, G. P.; Morganti, S.; Artoni, A.; Grossi, M.; Del Giacco, S.; Firinu, D.; Costanzo, G.; Argiolas, G.; Paoletti, G.; Losa, F.; Montalto, G.; Licata, A.; Montalto, F. A.; Corica, F.; Basile, G.; Catalano, A.; Bellone, F.; Principato, C.; Malatino, L.; Stancanelli, B.; Terranova, V.; Di Marca, S.; Di Quattro, R.; La Malfa, L.; Caruso, R.; Mecocci, P.; Ruggiero, C.; Boccardi, V.; Meschi, T.; Ticinesi, A.; Nouvenne, A.; Minuz, P.; Fondrieschi, L.; Imperiale, G. N.; Morellini, S.; Pirisi, M.; Fra, G. P.; Sola, D.; Bellan, M.; Quadri, R.; Larovere, E.; Novelli, M.; Simeone, E.; Scurti, R.; Tolloso, F.; Tarquini, R.; Valoriani, A.; Dolenti, S.; Vannini, G.; Volpi, R.; Bocchi, P.; Vignali, A.; Harari, S.; Lonati, C.; Napoli, F.; Aiello, I.; Salvatore, T.; Monaco, L.; Ricozzi, C.; Pilotto, A.; Indiano, I.; Gandolfo, F.; Pasini, F. L.; Capecchi, P. L.; Nuti, R.; Valenti, R.; Ruvio, M.; Cappelli, S.; Palazzuoli, A.; Bernardi, M.; Bassi, S. L.; Santi, L.; Zaccherini, G.; Durante, V.; Tirotta, D.; Eusebi, G.; Cattaneo, M.; Amoruso, M. V.; Fracasso, P.; Fasolino, C.; Tresoldi, M.; Bozzolo, E.; Damanti, S.; Porta, M.; Armentaro, G.; Arnone, M. I.; Barone, M.; Bertolino, L.; Bianco, S.; Binello, N.; Brancati, S.; Buonauro, A.; Cordeddu, W.; Curcio, R.; Dalbeni, A.; D'Abbondanza, M.; D'Agnano, S.; D'Ardes, D.; De Feo, M.; Donnarumma, E.; Fei, M.; Gambino, C. G.; Giorgini, P.; Lombardi, R.; Miceli, G.; Naccarato, P.; Noviello, S.; Olivieri, G.; Parente, R.; Pignataro, F. S.; Poma, S.; Porceddu, E.; Pucci, G.; Ricchio, M.; Sabena, A.; Salice, M.; Santarossa, C.; Savona, A.; Savrie, C.; Scicali, R.; Stabile, M.; Talerico, G.; Talia, M.; Tassone, E. J.; Teatini, T.; Tombolini, E.; Traversa, M.; Vettore, E.; Vignal, A.; Vilardi, L.; Villani, R.; Vitale, F.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/331817
Citazioni:
Antihypertensive treatment changes and related clinical outcomes in older hospitalized patients / Cicco, S., D'Abbondanza, M., Proietti, M., Zaccone, V., Pes, C., Caradio, F., Mattioli, M., Piano, S., Marra, A.M., Nobili, A., Mannucci, P.M., Pietrangelo, A., Sesti, G., Buzzetti, E., Salzano, A., Cimellaro, A., Perticone, F., Violi, F., Corazza, G.R., Corrao, S., et al.. - In: THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION. - ISSN 0014-2972. - 53:4(2023). [10.1111/eci.13931]
Abstract:
Background: Hypertension management in older patients represents a challenge, particularly when hospitalized. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the determinants and related outcomes of antihypertensive drug prescription in a cohort of older hospitalized patients. Methods: A to...tal of 5671 patients from REPOSI (a prospective multicentre observational register of older Italian in-patients from internal medicine or geriatric wards) were considered; 4377 (77.2%) were hypertensive. Minimum treatment (MT) for hypertension was defined according to the 2018 ESC guidelines [an angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitor (ACE-I) or an angiotensin-receptor-blocker (ARB) with a calcium-channel-blocker (CCB) and/or a thiazide diuretic; if >80 years old, an ACE-I or ARB or CCB or thiazide diuretic]. Determinants of MT discontinuation at discharge were assessed. Study outcomes were any cause rehospitalization/all cause death, all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization/death, CV death, non-CV death, evaluated according to the presence of MT at discharge. Results: Hypertensive patients were older than normotensives, with a more impaired functional status, higher burden of comorbidity and polypharmacy. A total of 2233 patients were on MT at admission, 1766 were on MT at discharge. Discontinuation of MT was associated with the presence of comorbidities (lower odds for diabetes, higher odds for chronic kidney disease and dementia). An adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that MT for hypertension at discharge was associated with lower risk of all-cause death, all-cause death/hospitalization, CV death, CV death/hospitalization and non-CV death. Conclusions: Guidelines-suggested MT for hypertension at discharge is associated with a lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, changes in antihypertensive treatment still occur in a significant proportion of older hospitalized patients.
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Circulating miRNAs as a Tool for Early Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer—Implications for the Fertility-Sparing Process: Clinical, Biological, and Legal Aspects
Anno: 2023
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Piergentili, Roberto; Gullo, Giuseppe; Basile, Giuseppe; Gulia, Caterina; Porrello, Alessandro; Cucinella, Gaspare; Marinelli, Enrico; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349362
Citazioni:
Circulating miRNAs as a Tool for Early Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer—Implications for the Fertility-Sparing Process: Clinical, Biological, and Legal Aspects / Piergentili, R., Gullo, G., Basile, G., Gulia, C., Porrello, A., Cucinella, G., Marinelli, E., Zaami, S.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. - ISSN 1422-0067. - 24:14(2023). [10.3390/ijms241411356]
Abstract:
This review article explores the possibility of developing an integrated approach to the management of the different needs of endometrial cancer (EC) patients seeking to become pregnant. Life preservation of the woman, health preservation of the baby, a precocious and—as much as possible&mdash...;minimally invasive characterization of the health and fertility parameters of the patient, together with the concerns regarding the obstetric, neonatal, and adult health risks of the children conceived via assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are all essential aspects of the problem to be taken into consideration, yet the possibility to harmonize such needs through a concerted and integrated approach is still very challenging. This review aims to illustrate the main features of EC and how it affects the normal physiology of pre-menopausal women. We also focus on the prospect of a miR-based, molecular evaluation of patient health status, including both EC early diagnosis and staging and, similarly, the receptivity of the woman, discussing the possible evaluation of both aspects using a single specific panel of circulating miRs in the patient, thus allowing a relatively fast, non-invasive testing with a significantly reduced margin of error. Finally, the ethical and legal/regulatory aspects of such innovative techniques require not only a risk-benefit analysis; respect for patient autonomy and equitable health care access allocation are fundamental issues as well.
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A modified adipofascial propeller flap for the dorsal fingertip
Anno: 2023
Rivista: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS
Autori/autrici: Amadei, Federico; Delle Femmine, Pietro; Basile, Giuseppe; Leigheb, Massimiliano
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349378
Citazioni:
A modified adipofascial propeller flap for the dorsal fingertip / Amadei, F., Delle Femmine, P., Basile, G., Leigheb, M.. - In: MINERVA ORTHOPEDICS. - ISSN 2784-8469. - 74:4(2023), pp. 329-332. [10.23736/s2784-8469.23.04316-x]
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Adipofascial Lai flap is the principal surgical option to reconstruct the dorsal distal digital defects and nail bed lesions but it is limited by some complications, i.e. the recurrence of residual painful nail. Our original modification of the Lai flap with our case series of 12 dorsal ...adipofascial propeller turn-over perforator flaps specifically used to reconstruct the nail bed is presented. Any painful residual nail or onicodystrophia was detected with a good functional and aesthetic outcome. METHODS: All the cases of finger distal dorsal soft tissue defect treated at the authors’ institutions with the adipofascial modified turn-over flap between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2010 were included in the study and clinically observed. All patients were checked at 1, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Twelve fingers of 12 subsequent patients were included. In all the cases the nail bed was damaged but the residual integrity of the fertile nail matrix ensured regrowth of the nail lamina. The average healing time in our series was 20±4 days. All the soft tissue defects resulted fully covered, no failure of the flap was reported and donor site morbidity was minimal and generally well accepted by patients in all cases and during all follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This flap represents a reproducible, simple and rapid one stage technique with poor morbidity for the donor site and minimal residual scar on the defect area.
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End-of-life in the operational functioning of public healthcare: ethical and legal issues
Anno: 2023
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; De Nina, Angelo; Montana, Angelo; Negro, Francesca; Straccamore, Marco; Napoletano, Gabriele; Marinelli, Enrico
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327897
Citazioni:
End-of-life in the operational functioning of public healthcare: ethical and legal issues / Basile, G., De Nina, A., Montana, A., Negro, F., Straccamore, M., Napoletano, G., Marinelli, E.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 94:2(2023). [10.23750/abm.v94i2.14207]
Abstract:
Background and aim: The article aims to outline the current scenario relative to the medical role in end-of-life issues. In order to do this, historical-legal references have been drawn upon relating to technical, legal and scientific thought and doctrine, as it has come down to us in the medical fi...eld through the evolution of ethical and philosophical frameworks. Methods: The authors have conducted a thorough analysis of end-of-life legislative initiatives, in Italy and across the EU, and court rulings to outline possible ways to harmonize and reconcile the current medical ethics frameworks with the needs and rights of all, especially the most vulnerable among us. To that end, the necessary operational choices and adjustments have not yet been made by our legal system, from a technical, as well as moral, standpoint. Results: An operational proposal has therefore been laid out to protect both healthcare providers and patients, in a relationship that goes beyond treatment in the strict sense, which prioritizes mutual needs as an integral part of a common, essential path. Conclusions: In order for doctors to consider themselves complete, they should in fact deal not only with life, but also with death.
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Metabolism Study of Anamorelin, a GHSR1a Receptor Agonist Potentially Misused in Sport, with Human Hepatocytes and LC-HRMS/MS
Anno: 2023
Rivista: METABOLITES
Autori/autrici: Gameli, Prince Sellase; Taoussi, Omayema; Basile, Giuseppe; Carlier, Jeremy; Busardo', Francesco Paolo
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/322036
Citazioni:
Metabolism Study of Anamorelin, a GHSR1a Receptor Agonist Potentially Misused in Sport, with Human Hepatocytes and LC-HRMS/MS / Gameli, P.S., Taoussi, O., Basile, G., Carlier, J., Busardo', F.P.. - In: METABOLITES. - ISSN 2218-1989. - 13:8(2023). [10.3390/metabo13080949]
Abstract:
Anamorelin, developed for the treatment of cancer cachexia, is an orally active medication that improves appetite and food intake, thereby increasing body mass and physical functioning. It is classified as a growth hormone secretagogue and strictly monitored by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), o...wing to its anabolic enhancing potential. Identifying anamorelin and/or metabolite biomarkers of consumption is critical in doping controls. However, there are currently no data available on anamorelin human metabolic fate. The aim of this study was to investigate and identify biomarkers characteristic of anamorelin intake using in silico metabolite predictions with GLORYx, in vitro incubation with 10-donor-pooled human hepatocytes, liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) analysis, and data processing with Thermo Scientific's Compound Discoverer. In silico prediction resulted in N-acetylation at the methylalanyl group as the main transformation (score, 88%). Others including hydroxylation at the indole substructure, and oxidation and N-demethylation at the trimethylhydrazino group were predicted (score, =36%). Hepatocyte incubations resulted in 14 phase I metabolites formed through N-demethylation at the trimethylhydrazino group, N-dealkylation at the piperidine ring, and oxidation at the indole and methylalanyl groups; and two phase II glucuronide conjugates occurring at the indole. We propose four metabolites detected as specific biomarkers for toxicological screening.
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Sex- and Gender-Specific Drug Abuse Dynamics: The Need for Tailored Therapeutic Approaches
Anno: 2023
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, Susanna; Basile, Giuseppe; Manfredini, Roberto; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345559
Citazioni:
Sex- and Gender-Specific Drug Abuse Dynamics: The Need for Tailored Therapeutic Approaches / Marinelli, S., Basile, G., Manfredini, R., Zaami, S.. - In: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE. - ISSN 2075-4426. - 13:6(2023). [10.3390/jpm13060965]
Abstract:
Sex and gender have been gaining ever greater attention due to their associated risks, dynamics, patterns and protective factors underlying substance abuse and addiction. Such differentiations and the clarification of complexities thereof take on even greater relevance in light of drug abuse scope w...orldwide. According to the 2022 World Drug Report released by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), in 2020 an estimated 284 million people worldwide aged 15–64 had used a drug within the last 12 months. The authors have set out to shed a light on determinants and contributing factors of drug abuse based on sex and gender and outline policy and medicolegal remarks aimed at delineating sex- and gender-based approaches towards drug abuse therapeutic interventions that are both therapeutically and ethically/legally viable and grounded in an evidence-based set of standards. Neurobiological data suggest that estrogen may facilitate drug taking by interacting with reward- and stress-related systems. In animal research, the administration of estrogen increases drug taking and facilitates the acquisition, escalation, and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. From a medicolegal perspective, it is of utmost importance to take into account the whole picture constituting each patient profile, which certainly includes gender factors and contributors, when outlining a therapeutic approach. Failure to do so could lead to negligence-based malpractice allegations, in light of the scientific findings representing best practices with which clinicians need to comply when caring for SUD patients.
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GHB and Driving Performance
Anno: 2022
Autori/autrici: Giorgetti, Arianna; Giorgetti, Raffaele; Basile, Giuseppe
Classificazione IRIS: 2.1 Contributo in volume (Capitolo o Saggio)
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327974
Citazioni:
GHB and Driving Performance / Giorgetti, A., Giorgetti, R., Basile, G.. - (2022), pp. 2225-2241. [10.1007/978-3-030-92392-1_119]
Abstract:
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an approved drug for the treatment of narcolepsy/cataplexy and a compound diverged for recreational purposes. GHB exerts a euphoric but also sedative effect on the central nervous system and has been linked to several intoxications and a number of death cases. It has b...een also used as a performance enhancing drug, especially in the setting of bodybuilding, as well as to enhance communicative skills and sexual performances. Its use among apprehended drivers, given its development as an anesthetic agent, poses several challenges to traffic safety. The present chapter discusses the recent research in human models and in epidemiological/real forensic case studies regarding the effect of GHB on psychomotor performances, with particular reference to those involved in driving abilities.
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Effects of synthetic cannabinoids on psychomotor, sensory and cognitive functions relevant for safe driving
Anno: 2022
Rivista: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
Autori/autrici: Orazietti, Vasco; Basile, Giuseppe; Giorgetti, Raffaele; Giorgetti, Arianna
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327973
Citazioni:
Effects of synthetic cannabinoids on psychomotor, sensory and cognitive functions relevant for safe driving / Orazietti, V., Basile, G., Giorgetti, R., Giorgetti, A.. - In: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY. - ISSN 1664-0640. - 13:(2022). [10.3389/fpsyt.2022.998828]
Abstract:
Recreational use of Synthetic Cannabinoids (SCs), one of the largest groups of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), has increased globally over the past few years. Driving is a structured process requiring the cooperation of several cognitive and psychomotor functions, organized in different levels of... complexity. Each of these functions can be affected when Driving Under the Influence (DUI) of SCs. In order to reduce the likelihood of SC-related road accidents, it is essential to understand which areas of psychomotor performance are most affected by these substances, as well as the severity of impairment. For this purpose, a multiple database- literature review of recent experimental studies in humans and animals regarding the psychomotor effects of SCs has been performed. Despite the many limitations connected to experimental studies on humans, results showed a consistency between animal and human data. SCs appear to impair psychomotor performance in humans, affecting different domains related to safe driving even at low doses. Cases of DUI of SC have been repeatedly reported, although the exact prevalence is likely to be underestimated due to current analytical and interpretative issues. For this reason, an accurate physical examination performed by trained and experienced personnel has a primary role in recognizing signs of impairment in case of strong suspicion of SC consumption. The identification of a suspected case should be followed by reliable laboratory examination.
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New Psychoactive Substances and receding COVID-19 pandemic: really going back to "normal"?
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Napoletano, Simona; Basile, Giuseppe; Lo Faro, Alfredo Fabrizio; Negro, Francesca
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/300151
Citazioni:
New Psychoactive Substances and receding COVID-19 pandemic: really going back to "normal"? / Napoletano, S., Basile, G., Lo Faro, A.F., Negro, F.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:2(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i2.13008]
Abstract:
The ongoing rise of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), i.e. psychotropic molecules devised and synthesized to replicate the effects of traditional drugs of abuse in order to circumvent banned substances schedules, has been posing a challenge of enormous magnitude to substance detection systems and l...aw enforcement worldwide. Still, it would be remiss to ignore the role played by the unprecedented public health emergency relating to the COVID-19 pandemic in the exacerbation of the NPS crisis. The diversion of resources has in fact hindered conventional approaches to drug monitoring, surveillance, control, and public health responses. The dangerous path ahead in our struggle against NPS abuse is best exemplified by the rather recent emergence of isotonitazene, an analogue of a benzimidazole class of analgesic compounds, powerful synthetic opioid and full mu-opioid receptor agonist belonging to the 2-benzylbenzimidazole group of compounds, which comprises the structurally different clonitazene, metonitazene and etonitazene (1). Isonitazene has reportedly been detected on European markets in at least five different forms and could even supplant fentanyl derivatives (2). Currently available data on isonitazene-related abuse and fatalities seem to be emblematic of the volatile, elusive nature of NPS: deaths in which isotonitazene was involved in fact presented substantial differences from casualties arising from synthetic opioids abuse. Case reports have highlighted how flualprazolam was detected in most fatalities associated with isotonitazene whereas flualprazolam was involved in only 8% of other synthetic opioid overdose deaths (3). Rather than rising background use, such a finding seems to suggest likely co-use or co-distribution of flualprazolam and isotonitazene. The key element of polysubstance involvement is rife in synthetic opioid overdose deaths. That being said, significantly more substances were implicated in isotonitazene-related deaths than fatalities linked to other synthetic opioid overdose (4, 5). Such dynamics and mortality patterns further stress the urgency of expanding health services for those suffering from opioid addiction disorders. Fine-tuned and standardized detection mechanisms relying on specialized assays based on sensitive instrumentation are essential for the timely and accurate characterization of such novel synthetic opioids (6-8). Isotonitazene in fact cannot be detected by common fentanyl testing strips (9). Hence, the essential nature of clinical and toxicological cannot be overstated, if we are to effectively deal with the public health risks arising from new substances or classes, along with the healthcare and social costs thereof (10). As new substances appear on illicit markets and are detected, their distinctive traits can only be identified by user experience, in the early stages (11-13). Nonetheless, the pandemic scenario has brought about a profound alteration of substance abuse patterns, and opened up new avenues of supply and demand for which our surveillance/detection systems may not be fully prepared or well-suited. As the pandemic appears to recede and hopefully turn into an endemic context based on coexistence with the SARS-CoV-2 and its less harmful variants, it would be a mistake to take for granted that drug abuse/trafficking dynamics will also get back to where they were before the pandemic. Putting in place policies aimed at monitoring web-based platforms and social media can potentially constitute a valuable tool in terms of keeping in check emerging substances, given how during the COVID-19 pandemic many interactions between traffickers and buyers have moved online (14). After all, social media have been playing an increasingly relevant role as interacting platforms, which users and drug dealers can take advantage of in order to discuss drug prices, substance purity, distinctive traits of the "high" (i.e. desired drug effects) they are seeking, ways of taking the substances, dosages, and characteristics of any new NPS becoming available on such back-alley marketing channels (15). Softwares designed and specifically programmed to sift through and analyze all detectable online information in that regard may prove valuable to figure out evolving dynamics of trafficking, purchases and use. Probing social media users has proven effective tool for public health concerns, e.g. drug checking services which have been harnessed due to their harm reduction potential in places estimated to be at risk, with large crowds gathering (concerts, clubs and the like). Nonetheless, research efforts need to be directed towards the new realm of criminality, the "Dark Web", in which all sorts of illegal exchanges and interactions are known to take place. A 2020 study has highlighted the appalling risks for drug users who choose to pursue that option in order to buy drugs (16). Three dealers were selected on a specific "Dark Web" marketplace, and NPS were ordered through such a channel. All these exchanges were thoroughly documented, and an analysis was undertaken of all the substances thus bought, totaling nine samples, by NMR, HRMS, LC-UV, and two also by x-ray diffraction. It was ultimately concluded that four out of five substances bought had been labeled with NPS names that did not match the actual substance, and two out of three samples of substances sold as new (i.e. unscheduled) NPS were instead found to be already documented substances, mislabeled and peddled under false pretenses. Drug dealers were therefore either deceiving their clients or were unaware as to the actual substances which they were selling. In light of such extremely worrisome findings, it is not hard to understand the implications and the major public health risks that such new trends of trafficking and abuse may entail. It is therefore incumbent upon the scientific community and law enforcement agencies to adapt and strive to meet the new challenges brought by the new criminal ecosystems in terms of drug enforcement, first and foremost the impervious environment known as "Dark Web" relying on untraceable cryptocurrencies for illegal transactions.
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Accuracy of the CUETO, EORTC 2016 and EAU 2021 scoring models and risk stratification tables to predict outcomes in high-grade non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer
Anno: 2022
Rivista: UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Krajewski, W; Aumatell, J; Subiela, Jd; Nowak, Ł; Tukiendorf, A; Moschini, M; Basile, G; Poletajew, S; Małkiewicz, B; Del Giudice, F; Maggi, M; Chung, Bi; Cimadamore, A; Galosi, Ab; Fave, Rfd; D'Andrea, D; Shariat, Sf; Hornak, J; Babjuk, M; Chorbińska, J; Teoh, Jy; Muilwijk, T; Joniau, S; Tafuri, A; Antonelli, A; Panunzio, A; Alvarez-Maestro, M; Simone, G; Mastroianni, R; Łaszkiewicz, J; Lonati, C; Zamboni, S; Simeone, C; Niedziela, Ł; Candela, L; Macek, P; Contieri, R; Hidalgo, Bg; Rivas, Jg; Sosnowski, R; Mori, K; Mir, C; Soria, F; González-Padilla, Da; Faba, Òr; Palou, J; Ploussard, G; Rajwa, P; Hałoń, A; Laukhtina, E; Pradere, B; Tully, K; Burgos, Fj; Cidre, Máj; Szydełko, T
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308472
Citazioni:
Accuracy of the CUETO, EORTC 2016 and EAU 2021 scoring models and risk stratification tables to predict outcomes in high-grade non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer / Krajewski, W., Aumatell, J., Subiela, J.d., Nowak, Ł., Tukiendorf, A., Moschini, M., Basile, G., Poletajew, S., Małkiewicz, B., Del Giudice, F., Maggi, M., Chung, B.i., Cimadamore, A., Galosi, A.b., Fave, R., D'Andrea, D., Shariat, S.f., Hornak, J., Babjuk, M., Chorbińska, J., et al.. - In: UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY. - ISSN 1873-2496. - (2022). [10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.06.008]

Cell-Free Fetal DNA and Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomopathies and Pediatric Monogenic Diseases: A Critical Appraisal and Medicolegal Remarks
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Gullo, Giuseppe; Scaglione, Marco; Buzzaccarini, Giovanni; Laganà, Antonio Simone; Basile, Giuseppe; Chiantera, Vito; Cucinella, Gaspare; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349369
Citazioni:
Cell-Free Fetal DNA and Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomopathies and Pediatric Monogenic Diseases: A Critical Appraisal and Medicolegal Remarks / Gullo, G., Scaglione, M., Buzzaccarini, G., Laganà, A.S., Basile, G., Chiantera, V., Cucinella, G., Zaami, S.. - In: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE. - ISSN 2075-4426. - 13:1(2022). [10.3390/jpm13010001]
Abstract:
Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) analysis is a non-invasive prenatal diagnostic test with a fundamental role for the screening of chromosomic or monogenic pathologies of the fetus. Its administration is performed by fetal DNA detection in the mother’s blood from the fourth week of gestation. Given... the great interest regarding its validation as a diagnostic tool, the authors have set out to undertake a critical appraisal based on a wide-ranging narrative review of 45 total studies centered around such techniques. Both chromosomopathies and monogenic diseases were taken into account and systematically discussed and elucidated. Not surprisingly, cell-free fetal DNA analysis for screening purposes is already rather well-established. At the same time, considerable interest in its diagnostic value has emerged from this literature review, which recommends the elaboration of appropriate validation studies, as well as a broad discourse, involving all stakeholders, to address the legal and ethical complexities that such techniques entail.
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The medico-legal implications of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, in compliance with good clinical-assistance practices, according to the current Italian legal system
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Passeri, Alberto; Arensi, Fabrizio; Amadei, Federico
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349383
Citazioni:
The medico-legal implications of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, in compliance with good clinical-assistance practices, according to the current Italian legal system / Basile, G., Passeri, A., Arensi, F., Amadei, F.. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 0390-5616. - 66:4(2022), pp. 384-385. [10.23736/s0390-5616.22.05734-4]

Treatment of Femoral Shaft Pseudarthrosis, Case Series and Medico-Legal Implications
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Fozzato, Stefania; Petrucci, Quirino Alessandro; Gallina, Mario; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/348890
Citazioni:
Treatment of Femoral Shaft Pseudarthrosis, Case Series and Medico-Legal Implications / Basile, G., Fozzato, S., Petrucci, Q.A., Gallina, M., Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Zaami, S.. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 11:24(2022). [10.3390/jcm11247407]
Abstract:
Pseudarthrosis (PSA) is a possible complication of femoral shaft fracture treatment. It is often associated with reduced bone quality and can, therefore, adversely affect quality of life. Its treatment poses a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Several authors have set forth different surgica...l approaches for the treatment of pseudarthrosis, such as internal fixation with plate and screws, replacement of an intramedullary nail or prosthetic replacement. In cases associated with bone loss, osteopenia, or comminution of fracture fragments, autologous or homologous bone grafts may also be used. The chronic outcomes of the surgical treatment of femoral shaft pseudarthrosis, even when consolidation is achieved, are linked to disabling sequelae of clinical-functional relevance, deserving an adequate medico-legal evaluation. The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyse a clinical case series of patients treated for atrophic femoral shaft pseudarthrosis at the IRCCS Orthopaedic Institute Galeazzi, Milan, Italy, from 2014 to 2020 and their orthopaedic-traumatological and medico-legal implications.
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Telemedicine, Telepsychiatry and COVID-19 Pandemic: Future Prospects for Global Health
Anno: 2022
Rivista: HEALTHCARE
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, Susanna; Basile, Giuseppe; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345563
Citazioni:
Telemedicine, Telepsychiatry and COVID-19 Pandemic: Future Prospects for Global Health / Marinelli, S., Basile, G., Zaami, S.. - In: HEALTHCARE. - ISSN 2227-9032. - 10:10(2022). [10.3390/healthcare10102085]
Abstract:
There is no denying that demand for telemedicine and telepsychiatry services has been on the rise, as the COVID-19 pandemic engulfed the world and upset the daily lives and certainties of us all. Such growth, however, calls for a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the strengths and weaknesses ...inherent in such innovative approaches, which are bound to change and evolve as the fourth industrial revolution unfolds before our eyes. The authors have set out to analyze the complexities and distinctive features of telemedicine and telepsychiatry by focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of such approaches and analyzing research findings, recommendations, and guidelines by scientific societies and institutions, for the ultimate purpose of striking a tenable balance between technological innovations and the ethics and moral imperative of guaranteeing equal access to care for everyone, irrespective of social and financial status. The European regulatory and legislative scenario has been briefly outlined, and the standards for the medicolegal sustainability of such practices have been explored. Ultimately, in order to improve accessibility without compromising the quality of care, new broadly shared ethical standards, best practices, and guidelines need to be prioritized. National legislative initiatives and the international sharing of information need to be encouraged, for the ultimate purpose of optimizing and harmonizing telemedicine-based care for the sake of all patients. As technology moves forward and evolves, so must the normative standards and guidelines on which professionals must be able to rely when delivering telemedicine-based care in an ethically and legally viable fashion. From that perspective, addressing the digital divide means enabling more people to receive care and should therefore be seen as part and parcel of the effort to uphold the universal human right to health.
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β'-Phenylfentanyl Metabolism in Primary Human Hepatocyte Incubations: Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Exposure in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
Autori/autrici: Brunetti, Pietro; Lo Faro, Alfredo F; Di Trana, Annagiulia; Montana, Angelo; Basile, Giuseppe; Carlier, Jeremy; Busardò, Francesco P
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/310687
Citazioni:
β'-Phenylfentanyl Metabolism in Primary Human Hepatocyte Incubations: Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Exposure in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology / Brunetti, P., Lo Faro, A.F., Di Trana, A., Montana, A., Basile, G., Carlier, J., Busardò, F.P.. - In: JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY. - ISSN 0146-4760. - 46:9(2022), pp. e207-e217. [10.1093/jat/bkac065]
Abstract:
From 2014 onwards, illicit fentanyl and analogues have caused numerous intoxications and fatalities worldwide, impacting the demographics of opioid-related overdoses. The identification of cases involving fentanyl analogues is crucial in clinical and forensic settings to treat patients, elucidate in...toxications, address drug use disorders and tackle drug trends. However, in analytical toxicology, the concentration of fentanyl analogues in biological matrices is low, making their detection challenging. Therefore, the identification of specific metabolite biomarkers is often required to document consumption. beta '-Phenylfentanyl (N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-benzenepropanamide) is a fentanyl analogue that was first detected in Sweden in 2017 and has recently reemerged onto the American illicit drug market. There is little data available on beta '-phenylfentanyl effects and toxicokinetics and its metabolism is yet to be studied. We aimed to investigate beta '-phenylfentanyl human metabolism to identify potential biomarkers of use. To assist in beta '-phenylfentanyl metabolite identification, a list of putative reactions was generated using in silico predictions with GLORYx freeware. beta '-phenylfentanyl was incubated with cryopreserved 10-donor-pooled human hepatocytes, analyses were performed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-MS) and data were processed using a partially automated targeted/untargeted approach with Compound Discoverer. We identified 26 metabolites produced by N-dealkylation, oxidation, hydroxylation, O-glucuronidation, O-methylation and combinations thereof. We suggest beta '-phenylnorfentanyl (N-phenyl-N-4-piperidinyl-benzenepropanamide) and further metabolites 1-oxo-N-phenyl-N-4-piperidinyl-benzenepropanamide and 1-hydroxy-N-phenyl-N-4-piperidinyl-benzenepropanamide as major biomarkers of beta '-phenylfentanyl use. In silico predictions were mostly wrong, and beta '-phenylfentanyl metabolic fate substantially differed from that of a closely related analogue incubated in the same conditions, highlighting the value of the experimental assessment of new psychoactive substance human metabolism. In vivo data are necessary to confirm the present results. However, the present results may be necessary to help analytical toxicologists identify beta '-phenylfentanyl-positive cases to provide authentic samples.
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Targeted screening and quantification of synthetic cathinones and metabolites in hair by UHPLC-HRMS
Anno: 2022
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: La Maida, N; Mannocchi, G; Pichini, S; Basile, G; Di Giorgi, A; Busardò, F P; Marchei, E
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/322031
Citazioni:
Targeted screening and quantification of synthetic cathinones and metabolites in hair by UHPLC-HRMS / La Maida, N., Mannocchi, G., Pichini, S., Basile, G., Di Giorgi, A., Busardò, F.P., Marchei, E.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 1128-3602. - 26:14(2022), pp. 5033-5042. [10.26355/eurrev_202207_29289]
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: Synthetic cathi-nones (SCs) are new psychoactive substances with sympathomimetic effects, which emerged into the illegal drug market to replace con-trolled stimulants. Since every year more pow-erful and toxic substances enter the illicit mar-ket, there is the need for analytical methodol...-ogies able to detect these new compounds in conventional and non-conventional biological matrices. We sought to develop and validate a targeted screening and quantification method for thirty-two parent SCs and two metabolites in hair samples by ultra-high-performance liq-uid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 mg hair samples were soaked in 250 mu L of 2 mM ammo-nium formate, methanol and acetonitrile mix-ture (50/25/25, v/v/v) and incubated overnight at 40 degrees C. After incubation, the samples were evaporated to dryness under nitrogen stream and reconstituted with 100 mu L of mobile phase mix (A:B, 80:20) and 10 mu L were injected into UHPLC-HRMS. A Q ExactiveTM Focus Orbitrap Mass spectrometer with full scan and target-ed data-dependent MS/MS scan acquisition was used for the screening and quantitation analysis.RESULTS: The assay was linear from 5 to 500 pg/mg hair for all the analytes under inves-tigation. Intra-day and inter-day precision were always < 15% and matrix effect and analytical recovery were always within acceptable criteria (+/- 25% and >50%, respectively). The developed method was applied to authentic hair samples from SCs consumers. The most prevalent found SCs were 3,4-Methylenedioxy-alpha-Pyrrolidinohex-anophenone with a concentration range of 6.0-1,000.0 pg/mg along with alpha-Pyrrolidinohexio-phenone (54.0 and 554.0 pg/mg, respectively), 3-Methylmetcathinone (556.0 and 5,000.0 pg/ mg) and 4-Methylethcathinone (11.5 and 448.0 pg/mg)CONCLUSIONS: The developed method showed good selectivity, specificity, an easy and low-cost sample preparation and an analysis time compat-ible with a high throughput laboratory.
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Traumatology: Adoption of the Sm@rtEven Application for the Remote Evaluation of Patients and Possible Medico-Legal Implications
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Accetta, Riccardo; Marinelli, Susanna; D'Ambrosi, Riccardo; Petrucci, Quirino Alessandro; Giorgetti, Arianna; Nuara, Alessandro; Zaami, Simona; Fozzato, Stefania
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345570
Citazioni:
Traumatology: Adoption of the Sm@rtEven Application for the Remote Evaluation of Patients and Possible Medico-Legal Implications / Basile, G., Accetta, R., Marinelli, S., D'Ambrosi, R., Petrucci, Q.A., Giorgetti, A., Nuara, A., Zaami, S., Fozzato, S.. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 11:13(2022). [10.3390/jcm11133644]
Abstract:
Telemedicine is the combination of technologies and activities that offer new remote ways of medical care. The Sm@rtEven application project is a remote assistance service that follows patients affected by lower limb fractures surgically treated at Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute (Milan, Italy). The S...m@rtEven application aims to evaluate the clinical conditions of patients treated for lower limb fracture after discharge from hospital using remote follow‐up (FU). The project is not a substitute for traditional clinical consultations but an additional tool for a more complete and prolonged view over time. The Sm@rtEven application is installed on patients’ smartphones and is used daily to communicate with healthcare personnel. In the first protocol, patients had to complete different tasks for 30 days, such as monitoring the load progression on the affected limb, the number of steps during the day, and body temperature and completing a questionnaire. A simplified protocol was proposed due to the pandemic and logistical issues. The revised protocol enrolled patients after more than 30 days of their operation, prioritized the rehabilitation phase, and required patients to use the app for fewer days. After an initial phase of correct use, a reduction in patient compliance was gradually reported in the first protocol. However, patient compliance in the second protocol remained high (96.25%) in the recording of all the required parameters. The Sm@rtEven application has proven to be a valuable tool for following patients remotely, especially during the pandemic. Telemedicine has the same value as traditional clinical evaluations, and it enables patients to be followed over long distances and over time, minimizing any discomfort.
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The Future Is Coming: Artificial Intelligence in the Treatment of Infertility Could Improve Assisted Reproduction Outcomes—The Value of Regulatory Frameworks
Anno: 2022
Rivista: DIAGNOSTICS
Autori/autrici: Medenica, Sanja; Zivanovic, Dusan; Batkoska, Ljubica; Marinelli, Susanna; Basile, Giuseppe; Perino, Antonio; Cucinella, Gaspare; Gullo, Giuseppe; Zaami, Simona
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345562
Citazioni:
The Future Is Coming: Artificial Intelligence in the Treatment of Infertility Could Improve Assisted Reproduction Outcomes—The Value of Regulatory Frameworks / Medenica, S., Zivanovic, D., Batkoska, L., Marinelli, S., Basile, G., Perino, A., Cucinella, G., Gullo, G., Zaami, S.. - In: DIAGNOSTICS. - ISSN 2075-4418. - 12:12(2022). [10.3390/diagnostics12122979]
Abstract:
Infertility is a global health issue affecting women and men of reproductive age with increasing incidence worldwide, in part due to greater awareness and better diagnosis. Assisted reproduction technologies (ART) are considered the ultimate step in the treatment of infertility. Recently, artificial... intelligence (AI) has been progressively used in the many fields of medicine, integrating knowledge and computer science through machine learning algorithms. AI has the potential to improve infertility diagnosis and ART outcomes estimated as pregnancy and/or live birth rate, especially with recurrent ART failure. A broad-ranging review has been conducted, focusing on clinical AI applications up until September 2022, which could be estimated in terms of possible applications, such as ultrasound monitoring of folliculogenesis, endometrial receptivity, embryo selection based on quality and viability, and prediction of post implantation embryo development, in order to eliminate potential contributing risk factors. Oocyte morphology assessment is highly relevant in terms of successful fertilization rate, as well as during oocyte freezing for fertility preservation, and substantially valuable in oocyte donation cycles. AI has great implications in the assessment of male infertility, with computerised semen analysis systems already in use and a broad spectrum of possible AI-based applications in environmental and lifestyle evaluation to predict semen quality. In addition, considerable progress has been made in terms of harnessing AI in cases of idiopathic infertility, to improve the stratification of infertile/fertile couples based on their biological and clinical signatures. With AI as a very powerful tool of the future, our review is meant to summarise current AI applications and investigations in contemporary reproduction medicine, mainly focusing on the nonsurgical aspects of it; in addition, the authors have briefly explored the frames of reference and guiding principles for the definition and implementation of legal, regulatory, and ethical standards for AI in healthcare.
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Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for quantifying THC, CBD and their metabolites in hair. Application to patients treated with medical cannabis
Anno: 2022
Rivista: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
Autori/autrici: Lo Faro, A. F.; Venanzi, B.; Pilli, G.; Ripani, U.; Basile, G.; Pichini, S.; Busardo, F. P.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/310450
Citazioni:
Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for quantifying THC, CBD and their metabolites in hair. Application to patients treated with medical cannabis / Lo Faro, A.F., Venanzi, B., Pilli, G., Ripani, U., Basile, G., Pichini, S., Busardo, F.P.. - In: JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS. - ISSN 0731-7085. - 217:(2022). [10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114841]
Abstract:
Recently, several countries approved the use of cannabis flowering tops with standardized amount of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) to treat several diseases. Therapeutic monitoring of medical cannabis products administered to patients for the established pathologies is rarely car...ried out. Previous few investigations have been developed in conventional matrices like blood and urine. This is the first study involving hair analysis of THC, CBD and their metabolites in patients treated with medical cannabis. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to quantify THC, CBD, and metabolites, i.e., 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC) cannabidiol-7-oic acid (7-COOH-CBD), 7-hydroxycannabidiol (7-OH-CBD), 6-α-hydroxycannabidiol (6-α-OH-CBD) and 6-β-hydroxycannabidiol (6-β-OH-CBD) in hair samples was developed and fully validated. The validation results indicated that the method was accurate (average inter/intra-day error, <10%), precise (inter/intra-day imprecision, <10%), and fast (10 min run time). Average hair concentrations in four patients treated with different formulations of medical cannabis were 2.75 ng/mg THC, 2.87 ng/mg 11-OH-THC, and 0.32 ng/mg THC-COOH (n = 3); 1.65 ng/mg CBD, 2.73 ng/mg 7-OH-CBD, 1.29 ng/mg 7-COOH-CBD, 0.35 ng/mg 6-α-OH-CBD, and 0.03 ng/mg 6-β-OH-CBD. The proposed method proved suitable for a fast and sensitive determination of all target compounds allowing high throughput testing in individuals monitored for medical cannabis treatments.
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Molecular Insights and Clinical Outcomes of Drugs of Abuse Adulteration: New Trends and New Psychoactive Substances
Anno: 2022
Rivista: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Di Trana, Annagiulia; Berardinelli, Diletta; Montanari, Eva; Berretta, Paolo; Basile, Giuseppe; Huestis, Marilyn A; Busardò, Francesco Paolo
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/322014
Citazioni:
Molecular Insights and Clinical Outcomes of Drugs of Abuse Adulteration: New Trends and New Psychoactive Substances / Di Trana, A., Berardinelli, D., Montanari, E., Berretta, P., Basile, G., Huestis, M.A., Busardò, F.P.. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES. - ISSN 1422-0067. - 23:23(2022), p. 14619. [10.3390/ijms232314619]
Abstract:
Adulteration is a well-known practice of drug manufacturers at different stages of drug production. The intentional addition of active ingredients to adulterate the primary drug may enhance or mask pharmacological effects or may produce more potent drugs to increase the number of available doses and... the dealer's profit. Adulterants found in different drugs change over time in response to different factors. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases and official international organizations' websites according to PRISMA guidelines was performed. A total of 724 studies were initially screened, with 145 articles from PubMed and 462 from Scopus excluded according to the criteria described in the Method Section. The remaining 117 records were further assessed for eligibility to exclude articles without sufficient data. Finally, 79 studies were classified as "non-biological" (n = 35) or "biological" (n = 35 case reports; n = 9 case series) according to the samples investigated. Although the seized samples analyses revealed the presence of well-established adulterants such as levamisole for cocaine or paracetamol/acetaminophen for heroin, the reported data disclosed new adulteration practices, such as the use of NPS as cutting agents for classic drugs of abuse and other NPS. For example, heroin adulterated with synthetic cannabinoids or cocaine adulterated with fentanyl/fentalogues raised particular concern. Notably, adulterants play a role in some adverse effects commonly associated with the primary drug, such as levamisole-adulterated cocaine that may induce vasculitis via an autoimmune process. It is essential to constantly monitor adulterants due to their changing availability that may threaten drug consumers' health.
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Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in menopause: new perspective of therapy in postmenopausal women and the importance of ethical and legal frameworks
Anno: 2022
Rivista: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Autori/autrici: Gullo, G; Etrusco, A; Cucinella, G; Basile, G; Fabio, M; Perino, A; De Tommasi, O; Buzzaccarini, G; Morreale, C; Marchi, L; Laganà, A S; Chiantera, V; Zaami, S
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349389
Citazioni:
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in menopause: new perspective of therapy in postmenopausal women and the importance of ethical and legal frameworks / Gullo, G., Etrusco, A., Cucinella, G., Basile, G., Fabio, M., Perino, A., De Tommasi, O., Buzzaccarini, G., Morreale, C., Marchi, L., Laganà, A.S., Chiantera, V., Zaami, S.. - In: EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 2284-0729. - 26:24(2022), pp. 9107-9116. [10.26355/eurrev_202212_30660]
Abstract:
Menopausal transition entails a progressive decrease in hormone production by the ovaries that lead to important physical and psychological changes that could significantly affect quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) administered from the onset of menopausal symptoms usually improves q...uality of life and life expectancy. Nevertheless, it is not risk-free. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) has been investigated as a potential new strategy for delaying menopause and/or to avoid HRT. This review analyzes the critical points of HRT to assess whether OTC and subsequent reimplantation can affect postmenopausal management. We assessed available randomized clinical trials in PubMed, Cochrane Library, ISI web of science, and Scopus from August 2021 to November 2022, including studies and trials evaluating the efficacy of OTC in both cancer and menopausal patients, the efficacy of freezing techniques and the possible clinical scenarios that OTC can open, even from the standpoint of legal and ethical issues arising as such innovative techniques become mainstream. Lower duration of the graft and efficacy on estrogen secretions at a physiological and safer concentration of estrogen than conventional HRT based on hormonal supplements. OTC can reportedly trigger estrogen secretions at a lower and safer physiological concentration than conventional HRT. OTC and subsequent reimplantation remain a valid fertility-sparing approach in patients undergoing gonadotoxic treatments. Further studies are needed to better evaluate its safety and efficacy within postmenopausal therapy management and in order to lay out widely shared and evidence-based guidelines and best practices and perform such novel and innovative techniques in a legally and ethically safe fashion, in the best interest of patients and healthcare professionals.
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A case of critical ischemia of the lower limbs: critical elements and possible medico-legal implications
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Petrucci, Quirino Alessandro; Ghezzi, Marcello; Amadei, Federico; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Fozzato, Stefania
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349358
Citazioni:
A case of critical ischemia of the lower limbs: critical elements and possible medico-legal implications / Basile, G., Petrucci, Q.A., Ghezzi, M., Amadei, F., Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Fozzato, S.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:4(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i4.13431]
Abstract:
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic process that causes stenosis and occlusion of peripheral arteries. Critical ischemia of the lower limbs is the most advanced and severe state of arterial disease. The purpose of this work is to underline the importance of a timely diagnostic-th...erapeutic framework in case of critical ischemia of the lower limbs, through a precise, coordinated, and multidisciplinary teamwork. A signifi-cant example is represented by the presentation of a clinical case that came to our observation following a request for compensation and which required an adequate evaluation in the medical-legal field. This work will make possible to clarify any profiles of medical professional responsibility, with specific reference to the predictability and preventability of the unfavourable events that have occurred, and which have led to a progressive worsen-ing of the patient’s clinical condition, which then resulted in the amputation of the lower limb, associated to organic deterioration and progressive complete permanent disability. In these cases, the collection of semeiotic data must be careful, meticulous, and completed by suitable instrumental investigations. These data, with the exhaustive compilation of the medical diary, play a decisive role even in the presence of adverse events and/or infrequent complications. These data allow to demonstrate, from a medico-legal point of view, that despite the implementation of all precautions codified by the specialized discipline, the adverse event, however foreseeable, is not always concretely preventable and therefore avoidable, being included in the non-negligent “complication” and not necessarily attributable to professional responsibility. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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Conscientious objection to abortion: how to strike a legal and ethical balance between conflicting rights?
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Negro, Francesca; Varone, Maria Cristina; Del Rio, Alessandro; Marinelli, Susanna; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345569
Citazioni:
Conscientious objection to abortion: how to strike a legal and ethical balance between conflicting rights? / Negro, F., Varone, M.C., Del Rio, A., Marinelli, S., Basile, G.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:4(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i4.13477]
Abstract:
The Italian Supreme Court ruling no. 18901 of May 13, 2021 has determined that doctors who are opposed to abortion can refuse to perform it on grounds of conscience, but such a refusal does not exempt them from providing assistance to the woman before and after the procedure itself. The legalization... of abortion should be considered within a broader strategy to put an end to underground and unsafe abortions, to raise awareness and enhance reproductive education and accessibility to contraceptive methods. The authors have set out to briefly analyze the legal and ethical complexities inherent in the effort to reconcile women’s reproductive autonomy and freedom of choice with conscience-based refusal on the part of numerous health-care professionals. Such an apparent conflict highlights the need for an ethically tenable solution that takes into account the dignity of unborn children, based on the conviction of many healthcare professionals primarily based on moral and religious tenets, that life begins at conception as well as the reproductive freedom and autonomy of women. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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Refractory humeral non-union: treatment with photodynamic intramedullary implant IlluminOss® and internal fixation
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe; Fozzato, Stefania; Bianco Prevot, Luca; Accetta, Riccardo; Petrucci, Quirino Alessandro
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349388
Citazioni:
Refractory humeral non-union: treatment with photodynamic intramedullary implant IlluminOss® and internal fixation / Basile, G., Fozzato, S., Bianco Prevot, L., Accetta, R., Petrucci, Q.A.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:S1(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93iS1.13773]
Abstract:
Surgically treated humeral shaft fractures can develop into pseudoarthrosis (PSA). Even if PSA is treated according to the proposed literature, refractory non-union of the humerus can be determined. Due to the rarity of this condition, we report our experience in the management of refractory pseudar...throsis of the humerus at the IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute (Milan, Italy). We used internal fixation with plate and screws associated with the implant of the IlluminOss® Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System to increase bone stability and improve anchoring of the implant medium. This combined treatment allowed the consolidation of the complex fracture despite the bone loss, ensuring excellent stability of the fracture stumps and constituting a flexible and stable system with the most favourable biomechanical conditions. An increase in refractory PSA cases is likely in the future, due to a higher incidence of surgically treated humeral shaft fractures than in the past. Further studies on the effectiveness of the combined use of plate and screw and the IlluminOss® system will be indispensable. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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A sex and gender-differentiated approach in psychiatric care: is the time ripe?
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349387
Citazioni:
A sex and gender-differentiated approach in psychiatric care: is the time ripe? / Basile, G.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:5(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i5.13700]

Prevalence and features of delirium in older patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities: a multicenter study
Anno: 2022
Rivista: AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Autori/autrici: Sidoli, C.; Zambon, A.; Tassistro, E.; Rossi, E.; Mossello, E.; Inzitari, M.; Cherubini, A.; Marengoni, A.; Morandi, A.; Bellelli, G.; Tarasconi, A.; Sella, M.; Paterno, G.; Faggian, G.; Lucarelli, C.; De Grazia, N.; Alberto, C.; Porcella, L.; Nardiello, I.; Chimenti, E.; Zeni, M.; Romairone, E.; Minaglia, C.; Ceccotti, C.; Guerra, G.; Mantovani, G.; Monacelli, F.; Minaglia, C.; Candiani, T.; Santolini, F.; Minaglia, C.; Rosso, M.; Bono, V.; Sibilla, S.; Dal Santo, P.; Ceci, M.; Barone, P.; Schirinzi, T.; Formenti, A.; Nastasi, G.; Isaia, G.; Gonella, D.; Battuello, A.; Casson, S.; Calvani, D.; Boni, F.; Ciaccio, A.; Rosa, R.; Sanna, G.; Manfredini, S.; Cortese, L.; Rizzo, M.; Prestano, R.; Greco, A.; Lauriola, M.; Gelosa, G.; Piras, V.; Arena, M.; Cosenza, D.; Bellomo, A.; Lamontagna, M.; Gabbani, L.; Lambertucci, L.; Perego, S.; Parati, G.; Basile, G.; Gallina, V.; Pilone, G.; Giudice, C.; Pietrogrande, L.; Mosca, M.; Corazzin, I.; Rossi, P.; Nunziata, V.; D'Amico, F.; Grippa, A.; Giardini, S.; Barucci, R.; Cossu, A.; Fiorin, L.; Arena, M.; Distefano, M.; Lunardelli, M.; Brunori, M.; Ruffini, I.; Abraham, E.; Varutti, A.; Fabbro, E.; Catalano, A.; Martino, G.; Leotta, D.; Marchet, A.; Dell'Aquila, G.; Scrimieri, A.; Davoli, M.; Casella, M.; Cartei, A.; Polidori, G.; Basile, G.; Brischetto, D.; Motta, S.; Saponara, R.; Perrone, P.; Russo, G.; Del, D.; Car, C.; Pirina, T.; Franzoni, S.; Cotroneo, A.; Ghiggia, F.; Volpi, G.; Menichetti, C.; Bo, M.; Panico, A.; Calogero, P.; Corvalli, G.; Mauri, M.; Lupia, E.; Manfredini, R.; Fabbian, F.; March, A.; Pedrotti, M.; Veronesi, M.; Strocchi, E.; Borghi, C.; Bianchetti, A.; Crucitti, A.; Difrancesco, V.; Fontana, G.; Geriatria, A.; Bonanni, L.; Barbone, F.; Serrati, C.; Ballardini, G.; Simoncelli, M.; Ceschia, G.; Scarpa, C.; Brugiolo, R.; Fusco, S.; Ciarambino, T.; Biagini, C.; Tonon, E.; Porta, M.; Venuti, D.; Delsette, M.; Poeta, M.; Barbagallo, G.; Trovato, G.; Delitala, A.; Arosio, P.; Reggiani, F.; Zuliani, G.; Ortolani, B.; Mussio, E.; Girardi, A.; Coin, A.; Ruotolo, G.; Castagna, A.; Masina, M.; Cimino, R.; Pinciaroli, A.; Tripodi, G.; Cassadonte, F.; Vatrano, M.; Scaglione, L.; Fogliacco, P.; Muzzuilini, C.; Romano, F.; Padovani, A.; Rozzini, L.; Cagnin, A.; Fragiacomo, F.; Desideri, G.; Liberatore, E.; Bruni, A.; Orsitto, G.; Franco, M.; Bonfrate, L.; Bonetto, M.; Pizio, N.; Magnani, G.; Cecchetti, G.; Longo, A.; Bubba, V.; Marinan, L.; Cotelli, M.; Turla, M.; Brunori, M.; Sessa, M.; Abruzzi, L.; Castoldi, G.; Lovetere, D.; Musacchio, C.; Novello, M.; Cavarape, A.; Bini, A.; Leonardi, A.; Seneci, F.; Grimaldi, W.; Seneci, F.; Fimognari, F.; Bambar, V.; Saitta, A.; Corica, F.; Braga, M.; Servi, ; Ettorre, E.; Camellini Bellelli, C. G.; Annoni, G.; Marengoni, A.; Bruni, A.; Crescenzo, A.; Noro, G.; Turco, R.; Ponzetto, M.; Giuseppe, L.; Mazzei, B.; Maiuri, G.; Costaggiu, D.; Damato, R.; Fabbro, E.; Formilan, M.; Patrizia, G.; Santuar, L.; Gallucci, M.; Minaglia, C.; Paragona, M.; Bini, P.; Modica, D.; Abati, C.; Clerici, M.; Barbera, I.; Nigroimperiale, F.; Manni, A.; Votino, C.; Castiglioni, C.; Di, M.; Degl'Innocenti, M.; Moscatelli, G.; Guerini, S.; Casini, C.; Dini, D.; Denotariis, S.; Bonometti, F.; Paolillo, C.; Riccardi, A.; Tiozzo, A.; Samysalamafahmy, A.; Riccardi, A.; Paolillo, C.; Dibari, M.; Vanni, S.; Scarpa, A.; Zara, D.; Ranieri, P.; Alessandro, M.; Calogero, P.; Corvalli, G.; Di, F.; Pezzoni, D.; Platto, C.; D'Ambrosio, V.; Ivaldi, C.; Milia, P.; Desalvo, F.; Solaro, C.; Strazzacappa, M.; Bo, M.; Panico, A.; Cazzadori, M.; Bonetto, M.; Grasso, M.; Troisi, E.; Magnani, G.; Cecchetti, G.; Guerini, V.; Bernardini, B.; Corsini, C.; Boffelli, S.; Filippi, A.; Delpin, K.; Faraci, B.; Bertoletti, E.; Vannucci, M.; Crippa, P.; Malighetti, A.; Caltagirone, C.; Disant, S.; Bettini, D.; Maltese, F.; Formilan, M.; Abruzzese, G.; Minaglia, C.; Cosimo, D.; Azzini, M.; Cazzadori, M.; Colombo, M.; Procino, G.; Fascendini, S.; Barocco, F.; Del, P.; D'Amico, F.; Grippa, A.; Mazzone, A.; Cottino, M.; Vezzadini, G.; Avanzi, S.; Brambilla, C.; Orini, S.; Sgrilli, F.; Mello, A.; Lombardi Muti, L. E.; Dijk, B.; Fenu, S.; Pes, C.; Gareri, P.; Castagna, A.; Passamonte, M.; Rigo, R.; Locusta, L.; Caser, L.; Rosso, G.; Cesarini, S.; Cozzi, R.; Santini, C.; Carbone, P.; Cazzaniga, I.; Lovati, R.; Cantoni, A.; Ranzani, P.; Barra, D.; Pompilio, G.; Dimori, S.; Cernesi, S.; Ricco, C.; Piazzolla, F.; Capittini, E.; Rota, C.; Gottardi, F.; Merla, L.; Barelli, A.; Millul, A.; De, G.; Morrone, G.; Bigolari, M.; Minaglia, C.; Macchi, M.; Zambon, F.; D'Amico, F.; D'Amico, F.; Pizzorni, C.; Dicasaleto, G.; Menculini, G.; Marcacci, M.; Catanese, G.; Sprini, D.; Dicasalet, T.; Bocci, M.; Borga, S.; Caironi, P.; Cat, C.; Cingolani, E.; Avalli, L.; Greco, G.; Citerio, G.; Gandini, L.; Cornara, G.; Lerda, R.; Brazzi, L.; Simeone, F.; Caciorgna, M.; Alampi, D.; Francesconi, S.; Beck, E.; Antonini, B.; Vettoretto, K.; Meggiolaro, M.; Garofalo, E.; Bruni, A.; Notaro, S.; Varutti, R.; Bassi, F.; Mistraletti, G.; Marino, A.; Rona, R.; Rondelli, E.; Riva, I.; Cortegiani, A.; Pistidda, L.; D'Andrea, R.; Querci, L.; Gnesin, P.; Todeschini, M.; Lugano, M.; Castelli, G.; Ortolani, M.; Cotoia, A.; Maggiore, S.; Ditizio, L.; Graziani, R.; Testa, I.; Ferretti, E.; Castioni, C.; Lombardi, F.; Caserta, R.; Pasqua, M.; Simoncini, S.; Baccarini, F.; Rispoli, M.; Grossi, F.; Cancelliere, L.; Carnelli, M.; Puccini, F.; Biancofiore, G.; Siniscalchi, A.; Laici, C.; Mossello, E.; Torrini, M.; Pasetti, G.; Palmese, S.; Oggioni, R.; Mangani, V.; Pini, S.; Martelli, M.; Rigo, E.; Zuccala, F.; Cherri, A.; Spina, R.; Calamai, I.; Petrucci, N.; Caicedo, A.; Ferri, F.; Gritti, P.; Brienza, N.; Fonnesu, R.; Dessena, M.; Fullin, G.; Saggioro, D.
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/330341
Citazioni:
Prevalence and features of delirium in older patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities: a multicenter study / Sidoli, C., Zambon, A., Tassistro, E., Rossi, E., Mossello, E., Inzitari, M., Cherubini, A., Marengoni, A., Morandi, A., Bellelli, G., Tarasconi, A., Sella, M., Paterno, G., Faggian, G., Lucarelli, C., De Grazia, N., Alberto, C., Porcella, L., Nardiello, I., Chimenti, E., et al.. - In: AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH. - ISSN 1594-0667. - STAMPA. - (2022). [10.1007/s40520-022-02099-8]
Abstract:
Background: Delirium is thought to be common across various settings of care; however, still little research has been conducted in rehabilitation. Aim: We investigated the prevalence of delirium, its features and motor subtypes in older patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities during the three... editions of the “Delirium Day project”. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 1237 older patients (age ≥ 65 years old) admitted to 50 Italian rehabilitation wards during the three editions of the “Delirium Day project” (2015 to 2017) were included. Delirium was evaluated through the 4AT and its motor subtype with the Delirium Motor Subtype Scale. Results: Delirium was detected in 226 patients (18%), and the most recurrent motor subtype was mixed (37%), followed by hypoactive (26%), hyperactive (21%) and non-motor one (16%). In a multivariate Poisson regression model with robust variance, factors associated with delirium were: disability in basic (PR 1.48, 95%CI: 1.17–1.9, p value 0.001) and instrumental activities of daily living (PR 1.58, 95%CI: 1.08–2.32, p value 0.018), dementia (PR 2.10, 95%CI: 1.62–2.73, p value < 0.0001), typical antipsychotics (PR 1.47, 95%CI: 1.10–1.95, p value 0.008), antidepressants other than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (PR 1.3, 95%CI: 1.02–1.66, p value 0.035), and physical restraints (PR 2.37, 95%CI: 1.68–3.36, p value < 0.0001). Conclusion: This multicenter study reports that 2 out 10 patients admitted to rehabilitations had delirium on the index day. Mixed delirium was the most prevalent subtype. Delirium was associated with unmodifiable (dementia, disability) and modifiable (physical restraints, medications) factors. Identification of these factors should prompt specific interventions aimed to prevent or mitigate delirium.
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COVID-19 and female fertility: the flaws of Italian Law 40/2004 on assisted procreation in pandemic times
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, Susanna; Cucinella, Gaspare; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345571
Citazioni:
COVID-19 and female fertility: the flaws of Italian Law 40/2004 on assisted procreation in pandemic times / Marinelli, S., Cucinella, G., Basile, G.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:5(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i5.13765]
Abstract:
Background and aim: SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 614 million people worldwide, killing more than 6.5 million. COVID-19 impact on fertility may have far-reaching ramifications, considering that only in Italy, over 20 million people have been infected, many more considering unconfirmed cases. Methods:... The authors aimed to outline the repercussions of COVID-19 on female reproductive capabilities, through an analysis of underlying mechanisms and dynamics liable to cause long-term COVID-19 complications and sequelae, including direct virus-induced tissue damage. Results: The entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) can be found in several tissues and organs within the human body, including ovaries, oocytes and placenta. In order to assess the fertility-damaging potential of the disease, it is necessary to clarify highly complex mechanisms such as the ovarian renin–angiotensin system (OVRAS) af-fecting ovarian physiology and dysfunction. COVID-19 and its potential to undermine the fertility prospects of millions cannot be underestimated. It is therefore essential for lawmakers to solve inconsistencies such as those in Italy’s Law 40/2004, which has been all but dismantled by Constitutional Court and European Court of Human Rights rulings, and cannot therefore offer a sufficient degree of certainty and reliability. Conclu-sions: When crafting novel, updated standards, norms and regulations to govern access to medically-assisted procreation, national leaders need to take into account the grave threat to fertility in a country such as Italy, which already has one of the world’s lowest birth rates, posed by COVID-19 in light of currently available research findings outlining its impact on reproductive capacity. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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Cannabis and natural cannabinoids: focus on legislative, clinical and laboratory medicine aspects - |[Cannabis e cannabinoidi naturali: focus su aspetti legislativi, clinici e di medicina di laboratorio]
Anno: 2022
Rivista: BIOCHIMICA CLINICA
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, S.; Vari, M. R.; Basile, G.
Lingua: ITA
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345565
Citazioni:
Cannabis and natural cannabinoids: focus on legislative, clinical and laboratory medicine aspects - |[Cannabis e cannabinoidi naturali: focus su aspetti legislativi, clinici e di medicina di laboratorio] / Marinelli, S., Vari, M.R., Basile, G.. - In: BIOCHIMICA CLINICA. - ISSN 0393-0564. - 46:3(2022), pp. 190-200. [10.19186/BC_2022.037]
Abstract:
The use of Cannabis and its derivatives is increasingly at the center of intense political debates related to regulation or prohibition. Beyond the political or ideological debates, a scientifically based information policy is however necessary to understand the differences between Cannabis used for... recreational purposes, light Cannabis that can be legally sold, and Cannabis administered for therapeutic purposes, with a special focus to the analytical methods that can be utilized to differentiate the different types of Cannabis. Regarding the different properties, considered that the differentiation between the various types of Cannabis, (recreational, light or medical) is essential for legal purposes, the role played by the analytical toxicology laboratories is crucial. A number of studies with light and medical Cannabis have illustrated the possible use of Cannabidiol (CBD) as a possible biomarker to identify the type of Cannabis, since CBD is predominant in light Cannabis; the ratio of CBD to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the only cannabinoid with psychotropic effects, has been suggested to be of particular relevance. This review aims to analyze the current legislative, medical and laboratory medicine aspects connected to Cannabis in Italy, by focusing on the legislation currently in force and on the role of the toxicology laboratory in differentiating the different types of Cannabis.
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Remarks on the management of proximal femoral fractures in times of COVID-19 pandemic
Anno: 2022
Rivista: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA
Autori/autrici: Basile, G
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/349364
Citazioni:
Remarks on the management of proximal femoral fractures in times of COVID-19 pandemic / Basile, G.. - In: LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA. - ISSN 1972-6007. - 173:5(2022), pp. 398-399. [10.7417/CT.2022.2453]
Abstract:
Proximal femoral fractures (PFFs) are among the main causes of hospitalization of elderly patients. They are often challenging to manage at the perioperative stage, which is why appropriate monitoring is recommended in order to prevent and - whenever possible - avoid foreseeable complications (infec...tions, bedsores, bronchopneumonia, psychicological deterioration and worsening general conditions), reduce the mortality rate, facilitate functional recovery and restore the patient's ability to walk and return to everyday life activities and a normal family context. PFFs constitute a major adverse event for elderly patients, often over the age of eighty and with possible issues arising from a substantially unstable and deficient biological balance, with negative repercussions on their quality of life, longer hospitalization and higher healthcare costs. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted the healthcare systems of virtually all world countries, giving rise to serious operational management difficulties (e.g. surgical staff shortages, less availability of surgical facilities, reassignment of surgical staff to other tasks, the need to convert facilities into intensive care units and dedicated COVID + operating rooms, reconfiguration of pathways and procedures with longer anesthesiological and surgical preparation times, environmental sanitation, etc.). All such factors have prolonged waiting times for surgery, causing higher complications rates especially in fragile patients. It is essential to operate through a timely multidisciplinary approach for PFF patients, who must be treated surgically as soon as possible in order to limit the risk of secondary complications due to prolonged bed rest and facilitate a rapid functional recovery.
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Female obesity and infertility: outcomes and regulatory guidance
Anno: 2022
Rivista: ACTA BIOMEDICA
Autori/autrici: Marinelli, Susanna; Napoletano, Gabriele; Straccamore, Marco; Basile, Giuseppe
Lingua: ENG
Classificazione IRIS: 1.1 Articolo in rivista
Scheda completa IRIS: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/345566
Citazioni:
Female obesity and infertility: outcomes and regulatory guidance / Marinelli, S., Napoletano, G., Straccamore, M., Basile, G.. - In: ACTA BIOMEDICA. - ISSN 2531-6745. - 93:4(2022). [10.23750/abm.v93i4.13466]
Abstract:
Obesity has been associated with reduced fertility, although the dynamics and mechanisms which link excess weight to reduced fertility are not yet fully clarified. Obese women, especially those with central obesity, are less likely to conceive per cycle. Obese women suffer from perturbations of the ...hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis, disturbances of the menstrual cycle and are up to three times more likely to suffer from oligo/anovulation. A delicate hormonal balance regulates follicular development and the maturation of oo-cytes and it has been observed that obesity can alter the hormonal environment: adipocytes, in fact, are responsible for the production of a hormone called leptin (present in high quantities in obese women) which has been associated with reduced fecundity. In addition to compromising ovulation, obesity negatively affects the development and implantation of the endometrium. The expression of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is regulated, in part, by weight, so obese women with PCOS often have a more severe phenotype and higher subfertility rates. Furthermore, obesity impairs women’s response to medically assisted procreation (MAP) treatments. The authors have set out to delineate a broad-ranging overview of obesity’s impact on female fertility, by drawing upon sources spanning the 1994-2022 period. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures are also discussed as they relate to obese patients. In addition the dynamics by which maternal obesity reportedly affects fetal, neonatal and child development have also been briefly enunciated. (www. actabiomedica.it).
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